Detailed explanation of python custom modules
Python can add custom modules
Method one:
echo 'export PYTHONPATH='/root/pythondiy/' >> /root/.bashrc # 此目录为你模块的路径 # 然后使用sys模块查看环境变量 import sys sys.path # 返回一个列表 ['', '/usr/local/bin', /root/pythondiy', '/usr/local/lib/python27.zip', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/plat-linux2', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-tk', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-old', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/setuptools-28.8.0-py2.7.egg', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg', '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/IPython/extensions', '/root/.ipython']
Method two:
sys.path.append('/root/pythondiy') # This method Temporarily valid
2. Open file difference
open('/etc/passwd').read() # 返回全文的是str open('/etc/passwd').readlines() # 返回全文的是一个list open('/etc/passwd').readline() # 每一次读取一行,返回str
3. Custom module call
vim wc.py #!/usr/bin/python from sys import argv def wc(s): chars = len(s) words = len(s.split()) lines = s.count('\n') return lines,words,chars if __name__== '__main__': # 只有在执行此脚本时才调用函数。 with open(argv[1]) as file1: print wc(file1.read()) vim copy_wc.py import
4. Execution result
[root@peng pyth]# python wc.py /etc/passwd # 返回的是passwd文件统计 (23, 31, 1066) [root@peng pyth]# python copy_wc.py # 返回的是hosts文件统计 (2, 10, 158)
5. Import module package
# 需要在包里创建一个__init__.py空文件,也可以是包的描述 touch __init__.py ipython from pyth import wc # 这样就导入一个模块包
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