Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial Detailed explanation of 'break' examples of PHP jumping out of loops

Detailed explanation of 'break' examples of PHP jumping out of loops

Apr 15, 2017 am 09:07 AM

前面给大家讲解了PHP控制循环语句,知道了,当我们的程序块满足一定的条件后才会跳出循环,而跳出循环则是使用我们的break或者continue关键字。本章,将会先给大家讲解“break”跳出循环。

在前面的讲解PHP循环控制语句“while”循环的时候,就已经提到过我们的break了,break关键字可以终止我们当前的循环,包括while,do...while,for,foreach和switch在内的所有控制语句。下面,我们先看一个实例。

break跳出循环实例

本实例将使用一个while循环,while后面的条件表达式的值为true,是一个无限循环。在while程序块中将声明一个随机变量$tmp,只有当生成的随机数等于10时,会使用break语句跳出循环,实现代码如下:

<?php
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");    //设置编码

while(true){                                                //使用while循环
    $tmp=rand(1,20);                                        //说明一个随机变量$tmp
    echo $tmp." ";                                          //输出生成的随机数
    if($tmp==10){                                           //判断生成的随机数是否等于10
        echo "<p>变量\$tmp等于10,跳出循环</p>";
        break;                                               //如果等于10,使用break语句跳出循环
    }
}

?>
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代码运行结果如下图:

Detailed explanation of break examples of PHP jumping out of loops

我们的break语句不仅可以跳出当前的循环,还可以指定跳出几层循环,格式如下:

break $num
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参数$num 是指定要跳出几层循环,下面会有例子来说明。

看一下break关键字的流程控制图:

Detailed explanation of break examples of PHP jumping out of loops

指定跳出循环层实例

本实例共有三个循环层,最外层的while循环和中间的for循环是无线循环,最里面有两个并列的for循环:程序首先会先执行第一个for循环,当变量$i等于7时,跳出当前循环(一重循环),继续执行第二个for循环,当第二个for循环中的变量$j等于15时,会直接跳出最外层循环,代码如下:

<?php
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");    //设置编码

while(true){
    for(;;){
        for($i=0;$i<=10;$i++){
            echo $i." ";
            if($i==7){
                echo "<p>变量\$i等于7,跳出一层循环</p>";
                break 1 ;
            }
        }
        for($j=0;$j<=20;$j++){
            echo $j." ";
            if($j==15){
                echo "<p>变量\$j等于15,跳出最外层循环</p>";
                break 3;
            }
        }

    }
    echo "不会执行这句话";
}

?>
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代码运行结果如下图:

Detailed explanation of break examples of PHP jumping out of loops

以上就是使用break跳出循环的简单实例,下一节,就会给大家讲解“continue”跳出循环。



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