Tutorial on how to assign values ​​to methods in the .NET MyMVC framework

Anyone who has used reflection knows that calling a method is very simple, but how to prepare incoming parameters for a method with [unknown signature]?
Let’s answer this question below. Please look at the implementation process of GetActionCallParameters:

private static object[] GetActionCallParameters(HttpContext context, ActionDescription action)
{    if( action.Parameters == null || action.Parameters.Length == 0 )        return null;    object[] parameters = new object[action.Parameters.Length];    for( int i = 0; i < action.Parameters.Length; i++ ) {        ParameterInfo p = action.Parameters[i];        if( p.IsOut )            continue;        if( p.ParameterType == typeof(NameValueCollection) ) {            if( string.Compare(p.Name, "Form", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == 0 )
                parameters[i] = context.Request.Form;            else if( string.Compare(p.Name, "QueryString", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == 0 )
                parameters[i] = context.Request.QueryString;            else if( string.Compare(p.Name, "Headers", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == 0 )
                parameters[i] = context.Request.Headers;            else if( string.Compare(p.Name, "ServerVariables", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == 0 )
                parameters[i] = context.Request.ServerVariables;
        }        else{            Type paramterType = p.ParameterType.GetRealType();            // 如果参数是简单类型，则直接从HttpRequest中读取并赋值            if( paramterType.IsSimpleType() ) {                object val = ModelHelper.GetValueByKeyAndTypeFrommRequest(
                                                context.Request, p.Name, paramterType, null);                if( val != null )
                    parameters[i] = val;
            }            else {                // 自定义的类型。首先创建实例，然后给所有成员赋值。
                // 注意：这里不支持嵌套类型的自定义类型。                object item = Activator.CreateInstance(paramterType);                ModelHelper.FillModel(context.Request, item, p.Name);
                parameters[i] = item;
            }
        }
    }    return parameters;
}

To understand this code, we need to start from the previous [process of finding Action]. At that stage, you can get The description of an Action is specifically expressed as the ActionDescription type inside the framework:

internal sealed class ActionDescription : BaseDescription{    public ControllerDescription PageController; //为PageAction保留    public MethodInfo MethodInfo { get; private set; }    public ActionAttribute Attr { get; private set; }    public ParameterInfo[] Parameters { get; private set; }    public bool HasReturn { get; private set; }    public ActionDescription(MethodInfo m, ActionAttribute atrr) : base(m)
    {        this.MethodInfo = m;        this.Attr = atrr;        this.Parameters = m.GetParameters();        this.HasReturn = m.ReturnType != ReflectionHelper.VoidType;
    }
}

In the third line of code of the constructor, I can get this method All parameter conditions.
Then, I can loop the definition of each parameter in the GetActionCallParameters method and assign values ​​to them.
This code also explains the reason why only four types of NameValueCollection collections are supported as mentioned earlier.

Note, when I get the type of each parameter, I use the following statement:

Type paramterType = p.ParameterType.GetRealType();

In fact, ParameterType already reflects the type of the parameter, why not use it directly? Woolen cloth?
Answer: Because of [nullable generics]. This type requires special handling.
For example: If a parameter is declared like this: int? id
Then, even if a parameter like id is included in QueryString, I cannot directly convert it to int? To use this type, you must get its [ actual type].
GetRealType() is an extension method, which specifically performs this function:

/// <summary>
/// 得到一个实际的类型（排除Nullable类型的影响）。比如：int? 最后将得到int/// </summary>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>public static Type GetRealType(this Type type)
{    if( type.IsGenericType )        return Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(type) ?? type;    else
        return type;
}

If the type of a parameter is a custom type, the framework will first create an instance (calling without parameters constructor), and then assign values ​​to its Property and Field.

Note: Custom types must provide a parameterless constructor.

The code for filling in data members for an instance of a custom type is as follows:

internal static class ModelHelper{    public static readonly bool IsDebugMode;    static ModelHelper()
    {        CompilationSection configSection = 
                    ConfigurationManager.GetSection("system.web/compilation") as CompilationSection;        if( configSection != null )
            IsDebugMode = configSection.Debug;
    }    /// <summary>
    /// 根据HttpRequest填充一个数据实体。    /// 这里不支持嵌套类型的数据实体，且要求各数据成员都是简单的数据类型。    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    /// <param name="model"></param>    public static void FillModel(HttpRequest request, object model, string paramName)
    {        ModelDescripton descripton = ReflectionHelper.GetModelDescripton(model.GetType());        object val = null;        foreach( DataMember field in descripton.Fields ) {            // 这里的实现方式不支持嵌套类型的数据实体。
            // 如果有这方面的需求，可以将这里改成递归的嵌套调用。            val = GetValueByKeyAndTypeFrommRequest(
                                request, field.Name, field.Type.GetRealType(), paramName);            if( val != null )
                field.SetValue(model, val);
        }
    }    /// <summary>
    /// 读取一个HTTP参数值。这里只读取QueryString以及Form    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    /// <param name="key"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>    public static string GetHttpValue(HttpRequest request, string key)
    {        string val = request.QueryString[key];        if( val == null )
            val = request.Form[key];        return val;
    }    
    public static object GetValueByKeyAndTypeFrommRequest(                        HttpRequest request, string key, Type type, string paramName)
    {        // 不支持复杂类型        if( type.IsSimpleType() == false )            return null;        string val = GetHttpValue(request, key);        if( val == null ) {            // 再试一次。有可能是多个自定义类型，Form表单元素采用变量名做为前缀。            if( string.IsNullOrEmpty(paramName) == false ) {
                val = GetHttpValue(request, paramName + "." + key);
            }            if( val == null )                return null;
        }        return SafeChangeType(val.Trim(), type);
    }    public static object SafeChangeType(string value, Type conversionType)
    {        if( conversionType == typeof(string) )            return value;        if( value == null || value.Length == 0 )            // 空字符串根本不能做任何转换，所以直接返回null            return null;        try {            // 为了简单，直接调用 .net framework中的方法。
            // 如果转换失败，则会抛出异常。            return Convert.ChangeType(value, conversionType);
        }        catch {            if( IsDebugMode )                throw;            // Debug 模式下抛异常            else
                return null;    // Release模式下忽略异常（防止恶意用户错误输入）        }
    }
}

Before loading data for a custom data type instance, you need to know the instanceObject What are the attributes and fields? The code for this process is as follows:

/// <summary>
/// 返回一个实体类型的描述信息（全部属性及字段）。/// </summary>
/// <param name="type"></param>
/// <returns></returns>public static ModelDescripton GetModelDescripton(Type type)
{    if( type == null )        throw new ArgumentNullException("type");    
    string key = type.FullName;    ModelDescripton mm = (ModelDescripton)s_modelTable[key];    if( mm == null ) {        List<DataMember> list = new List<DataMember>();
        (from p in type.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public)         select new PropertyMember(p)).ToList().ForEach(x=>list.Add(x));
        (from f in type.GetFields(BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Public)         select new FieldMember(f)).ToList().ForEach(x => list.Add(x));
        mm = new ModelDescripton { Fields = list.ToArray() };
        s_modelTable[key] = mm;
    }    return mm;
}

After getting all the attributes and field description information of a type, you can use a loop to calculate the data according to the The name of the member goes to QueryString, and the Form reads the required data.

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