Linux user management (1) graphic tutorial on creating and deleting users

1. Commonly used commands:

(1) Two commands to create a user:

adduser

useradd

(2) User Delete command:

userdel

2. The difference between the two user creation commands

adduser: will automatically specify the home directory and system shell for the created user version, the user password will be entered when creating.

useradd: You need to use parameter options to specify the above basic settings. If no parameters are used, the created user will have no password, no home directory, and no specified shell version.

3. Use adduser

For example:

$    adduser   apple

The output displays:

This way When you create a username, you create the user's home directory and password.

By default:

adduser will actively call /etc/adduser.conf when creating a user;

When creating a user's home directory, it will be under /home by default, and Created as /home/user name

If the home directory already exists, it will not be created. However, although this home directory serves as the new user’s home directory and will be entered into this directory when logging in by default, this directory does not exist. It does not belong to the new user. When userdel is used to delete a new user, the home directory will not be deleted because the home directory already existed before it was created and does not belong to the user.

Specify the shell version of the user:/bin/bash

Therefore, the commonly used parameter options are:

(1) -HOME: Specify the path to create the main directory, default It is to create a directory with the same name as the user name in the /home directory, which can be specified here; if the directory with the same name as the home directory exists, it will not be created, and the home directory will only be entered when logging in.

(2) -QUIET: Just print only warnings and error information , ignore other information.

(3) --debug: Locate error information.

(4) --conf: Use the specified configuration file when creating a user.

(5) --force-badname: By default, when creating a user, the regular expression in /etc/adduser.conf will be used to check whether the user name is It's legal. If you want to use weak checking, use this option. If you don't want to check, you can block the relevant options in /etc/adduser.conf. For example:

4. Use useradd

Note: When using the useradd command to create a new user, the home directory will not be created for the user. The shell version will be specified for the user and no password will be created for the user.

For example:

1. Create a user without using any parameter options:

For example, create a new user tt

$  sudo  useradd  tt

(1) You need to specify a login for the user Password:

(2) You need to specify the shell version and user loginhome directory

As shown in the picture above, the last line only appears at the beginning:

$

Check the shell version and find that it is /bin/sh:

Explanation that this is not specifying the shell version

The directory where the user logs in is the root directory: /

Although $HOME environmentVariables For /home/tt

2. Useradd command to specify parameters for the user:

Common command line options:

(1) -d: Specify the user's home directory

(2) -m: If it exists, it will not be created, but this directory does not belong to the newly created user; if the main directory If the directory does not exist, it is forcibly created; -m and -d are used together.

(3) -s: Specify the shell version when the user logs in

(4) -M: Do not create a home directory

For example:

$   sudo  useradd  -d  "/home/tt"   -m   -s "/bin/bash"   tt

Explanation: -d "/home/tt": specifies /home/tt as the main directory

-m means forcing if /home/tt does not exist create

-s 就是指定shell版本

修改tt密码：

$  sudo passwd tt

五、删除用户命令

userdel

（1）只删除用户：

sudo   userdel   用户名

（2）连同用户主目录一块删除：

sudo  userdel   -r   用户名

如果创建时主目录已经存在，即主目录不属于当前要删除的用户，则无法删除主目录，例如：

可以看出无法删除已有主目录/home/tt。

六、相关文件：

  /etc/passwd - 使 用 者 帐 号 资 讯，可以查看用户信息
       /etc/shadow - 使 用 者 帐 号 资 讯 加 密
       /etc/group - 群 组 资 讯
       /etc/default/useradd - 定 义 资 讯
       /etc/login.defs - 系 统 广 义 设 定
       /etc/skel - 内 含 定 义 档 的 目 录

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