Introduction to special member methods in python classes

__doc__ View the description information of the tip

__module__ represents the module where the object of the current operation is located

__class__ represents the class of the object of the current operation

__init__ construction The method automatically executes the object created by the class

__del__ destructor method. The current object is released in the memory and is automatically executed.

Add parentheses after the __call__ object to trigger execution.

__dict__ View members in a class or object

__str__ If this method is defined in a class, then when printing such an object, the return value of this method is output

__getitem__ When the class is Defines the attribute members of a dictionary, which can be obtained

__setitem__Set and modify the data of the dictionary in the class

__delitem__Delete the data of the dictionary in the class

__metalass__It is used Indicates who instantiates and creates this class

__new__ triggers __init__ to create an instance

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 1 #！usr/bin/env python 2 
 #-*-coding:utf-8-*- 3 # Author calmyan 4  5 from lib.ss import a 6 #示例类 dog 7 class doges(object): 8     
 """类的描述信息""" 9     def __init__(self,name,food):10         self.name=name11         self.food=food12         
 self.data={}#定义一个类的字典13     def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):#对象后面加括号解执行14        
  print(*args)15     def __str__(self):#默认输出返回值16         return self.name17     
  def __getitem__(self):#可以获取类的的字典18         return self.data19     
  def __setitem__(self, key, value):#可以设置类的的字典20         self.data[key]=value21     
  def __delitem__(self, key):#可以删除类的字典的内容22        
   del self.data[key]23 dog=doges('xxx','iii')24 print(dog.__doc__)25 b=a()26 print(b.__module__)#操作的对象的那个模块27 print(dog.__class__)
   #当前操作的对象的类是什么28 dog('111')#29 print(doges.__dict__)#查看类或对象的成员  类只打印类的成员不打印对象的成员30 print(dog.__dict__)
   #查看类或对象的成员 对象只打印对象的成员不打印类的成员31 
   print(dog)#打印 __str__的返回值32 print(dog.__str__())#打印返回值33 34 dog['1']=1000#触发.__setitem__()35 dog['2']=1000
   #触发.__setitem__()36 print(dog.__getitem__())37 print(dog.__delitem__('1'))#删除类中字典38 print(dog.__getitem__())39 40 
   #设置类的特殊方法41 def func(self):42     print('hello word%s'%self.name)43     
   print()44 45 def __init__(self,name,age):46     self.name=name47     
   self.age=age48 
   ##type参数 1:类名 2.类的基类 3.类的成员,字典格式49 CAT=type('CAT',(object,),{'func':func,'__init__':__init__})50 51 
   cat=CAT('喵喵',3)52 cat.func()53 print(cat.name,cat.age)

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Reflection: Call methods in objects through strings

 1 #！usr/bin/env python 2 #-*-coding:utf-8-*- 3 # Author calmyan 4 #反射 5  6 
 #定义 一个新方法 7 def bulk(self): 8     print("%s is talking...."%self.name) 9 10 
 class DOG(object):11     def __init__(self,name):12         self.name=name13     
 def eat(self,food):14         print('%s is eating %s'%(self.name,food))15 16 d=DOG('一只狗')17 18 
 stres=input('方法:').strip()#手动输入方法19 20 if hasattr(d,stres):#通过字符串反射对象中的方法,是否存在21     
 func=getattr(d,stres)#调用此方法22     func("骨头")#执行方法23 else:24     
 setattr(d,stres,bulk)#对象增加一个方法 返回一个内存地址25     getattr(d,stres)(d)#调用此方法 增加的26     
 #d.talk(d)27 #属性修改28 stres1=input('属性:').strip()#手动输入属性29 if hasattr(d,stres1):#如果已经存在30     
 attr=getattr(d,stres1)#调用31     a=input('重新赋值:').strip()32     setattr(d,stres1,a)33     
 print(getattr(d,stres1))34 else:35     a=input('新赋值:').strip()36    
 setattr(d,stres1,a)#对象增加一个属性 ,赋值 返回这个属性的值37     print(stres1)38     
 print(getattr(d,stres1))39 40 print(d.__dict__)41 dela=input('删除属性:').strip()42 43 
 if hasattr(d,dela):#如果已经存在44     delattr(d,dela)#进行删除45     print('删除成功')46 47 
 print(d.__dict__)

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