Some commonly used commands in linux

shutdown -h now Shut down immediately

shutdown -r now Restart the computer now

reboot Restart the computer now

logout Log out the user

vi Editor usage:

1) vi file name

2) Enter i [enter command mode]

3) Enter esc [enter command mode]

　4) Enter: [wq means exit and keep q! Exit without saving]

pwd displays the current path

groupadd policy Add policy user group

View all in linux Group information:

vi /etc/group

cat /etc/group

View all user information in linux

vi /etc/passwd

cat /etc/passwd

useradd xiaoming Add xiaoming user [Only users with root permissions can add users]

useradd -g group name user name While adding users Specify user group

passwd Add password to current user

passwd xiaoming Change password for xiaoming user

userdel xiaoming Delete user xiaoming

userdel -r xiaoming Delete User xiaoming and the user's home directory

Command: init [012356]

Running level

0: Shutdown

1: Single user mode

2: There is no network service in multi-user state

3: There is network service in multi-user state

4: The system is not used and reserved for users

5: Image interface

6: System restart

Commonly used run levels are 3 and 5. To modify the default run level, you can modify the number in the id:5:initdefault: line of the file /etc/inittab.

ls List files and directories

-a Show hidden files

-l Show long list format

mkdir Create directory

rmdir delete empty directory

touch create empty file

cp copy

cp -r dir1 dir2 recursive copy command

mv move file and change file name

rm delete files and directories

rm -rf delete all contents (including directories and files)

r recursive f force

more display file contents with paging

less Display file content with paging

grep Query a certain keyword in the text

For example: Find the xiaohong keyword in the file file.txt file: grep "xiaohong " file.txt

If you also want to display the number of lines where the xiaohong keyword appears: grep -n "xiaohong" file.txt

| Pipe command [pass the result of the previous command to | The following commands will be processed]

find Search for files and directories

find /home -name aaa Search for files and directories named man starting from /home

Search for a period of time Files or directories that have been accessed or changed within

find /home -amin -10 Directories or files that have been accessed within ten minutes

find /home -atime -10 Directories that have been accessed within ten hours Or files

find /home -cmin -10 Directories or files that have been changed within ten minutes

find /home -amin -10 Directories or files that were accessed ten minutes ago

Search for files of a specified size

find /home -size +10k Find files with a size of 10k in the /home directory

>,>>Redirect command:

ls -l > a.txt The contents of the list are written to the file a.txt (overwriting)

ls -al >> aa.txt The contents of the list are appended to the file aa At the end of .txt

databse < database_data Enter information from the file

chown user name file name Modify file owner

chgrp group name file name Modify the group where the file is located

Mount command:

mount [-parameter] [device name] [mount point]

Uninstall command:

umount [device name]

Check disk usage:

df [-parameter]

Check which partition a directory is in:

df [full path to directory]

Check the specific situation of the Linux system partition:

fdisk -l

rpm package installation:

rpm -i prm package full path name: install the package to the current system

rpm -ivh rpm package full path name: installation package to the current system prompt message

i: install installation

v: verbose prompt

h ：hash progress bar

rpm deletion:

rpm -e rpm package name

If other software depends on the software package you want to uninstall, an error message will be generated during uninstallation .

If you want rpm to ignore this error and continue uninstalling (programs that depend on this package may not run), please use the --nodeps command line option.

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