Detailed explanation of jQuery.before() function
before()函数用于在每个匹配元素之前插入指定的内容。
指定的内容可以是:html字符串、DOM元素(或数组)、jQuery对象、函数(返回值)。
与该函数相对的是after()函数,用于在每个匹配元素之后插入指定的内容。
该函数属于jQuery对象(实例)。
语法
jQueryObject.before( content1 [, content2 [, contentN ]] )
参数
参数 描述
content1 String/Element/jQuery/Function类型指定的追加内容。
content2 可选/String/Element/jQuery类型指定的追加内容。
contentN 可选/String/Element/jQuery类型指定的追加内容,可以有任意多个。
before()可以将多个参数所表示的内容全部插入到紧邻每个匹配元素之前的位置。如果参数为字符串类型,则将其视作html字符串。
jQuery 1.4 新增支持:参数content1可以为函数。before()将根据匹配的所有元素遍历执行该函数,函数中的this将指向对应的DOM元素。
before()还会为函数传入两个参数:第一个参数就是当前元素在匹配元素中的索引,第二个参数就是该元素当前的内部html内容(innerHTML)。函数的返回值就是需要插入的内容(可以是html字符串、DOM元素、jQuery对象)。
注意:只有第一个参数可以为自定义函数,用于遍历执行。如果之后的参数也为函数,则调用其toString()方法,将其转为字符串,并视为html内容。
返回值
before()函数的返回值为jQuery类型,返回当前jQuery对象本身(以便于进行链式风格的编程)。
注意:如果插入的内容是当前页面中的某些元素,那么这些元素将从原位置上消失。简而言之,这相当于一个移动操作,而不是复制操作。
示例&说明
before()函数用于在每个匹配元素之前的位置插入内容:
<!--插入到p元素之前的位置--><p>段落文本1<span></span></p> <!--插入到p元素之前的位置--><p>段落文本2<span></span></p> <script type="text/javascript"> $("p").before( '<!--插入到p元素之前的位置-->' ); </script>
请注意before()函数和insertBefore()函数的区别:
var $A = $("s1"); var $B = $("s2"); // 将$B插入到$A之前 $A.before( $B ); // 返回$A // 将$A插入到$B之前 $A.insertBefore( $B ); // 返回表示插入内容的jQuery对象( 匹配所有$B之前插入的$A元素 )
以下面这段HTML代码为例:
<p id="n1"> <span id="n2">span#n2</span> </p> <p id="n3"> <label id="n4">label#n4</label> <i id="n5">i#n5</i> </p>
以下jQuery示例代码用于演示before()函数的具体用法:
//在n4之前插入一个自定义的span元素 $("#n4").before('<span id="n6">span#n6(new)</span>'); // 在n2之前插入n5 // n5将从原位置上消失 $("#n2").before( document.getElementById("n5") ); // 在每个span元素之前插入自定义的strong元素 $("span").before( function(index, innerHTML){ return '<strong>strong元素' + (index + 1) + '</strong>'; } );
before()会将内容插入指定元素的开始标记之前,不会额外添加任何空白字符,上述代码执行后的完整html代码如下(格式未作任何调整):
<p id="n1"> <i id="n5">i#n5</i><strong>strong元素1</strong><span id="n2">span#n2</span> </p> <p id="n3"> <strong>strong元素2</strong><span id="n6">span#n6(new)</span><label id="n4">label#n4</label> </p>
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