In SpringMVC, the controller Controller is responsible for processing requests distributed by DispatcherServlet. It encapsulates the data requested by the user into a Model after being processed by the business processing layer, and then The Model is returned to the corresponding View for display. SpringMVC provides a very simple way to define a Controller. You don't need to inherit a specific class or implement a specific interface. You only need to use @Controller to mark a class as a Controller, and then use some annotations such as @RequestMapping and @RequestParam to define it. Mapping between URL requests and Controller methods, so that the Controller can be accessed by the outside world. In addition, Controller will not directly depend on HttpServlet objects such as HttpServletRequest and HttpServletResponse. They can be flexibly obtained through the method parameters of Controller.

@Controller is used to mark a class. The class marked with it is a SpringMVC Controller object. The dispatch processor will scan the method of the class using this annotation and detect whether the method uses the @RequestMapping annotation. @Controller just defines a controller class, and the method annotated with @RequestMapping is the processor that actually handles the request. Simply using the @Controller mark on a class cannot truly say that it is a controller class of SpringMVC, because Spring does not recognize it at this time. So how do you use Spring to recognize it? At this time, we need to hand over this controller class to Spring for management. There are two ways:

　(1) Define the bean object of MyController in the SpringMVC configuration file.

　(2) In the SpringMVC configuration file, tell Spring where to find the Controller controller marked @Controller.

1.1 Verification and understanding

In projects, the front-end is usually used more Verification, such as js verification on the page. For those with higher security requirements, it is recommended to perform verification on the server.

Server verification:

Control layer controller: Verify the legality of the parameters requested by the page. In the server control layer controller verification, the client type (browser, mobile client, remote call) is not distinguished.

Business layer service (mostly used): mainly verifies key business parameters, limited to service Parameters used in the interface.

Persistence layer dao: Generally not verified.

1.2springmvc verification requirements

springmvc uses hibernate's verification framework validation (it has nothing to do with hibernate).

Verification ideas:

The page submits the requested parameters, requests them to the controller method, and uses validation for verification. If there is an error in the verification, the error message will be displayed on the page.

Specific requirements:

Modify the product and add verification (verify the length of the product name and non-empty verification of the generation date). If there is an error in the verification, an error message will be displayed on the product modification page.

1.3 Environment preparation

The jar package required for hibernate verification framework validation:

1.4 Configuring the validator

Configure in springmvc.xml under classpath:

    <!-- 校验器 --><bean id="validator"class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean"><!-- Hibernate校验器--><property name="providerClass" value="org.hibernate.validator.HibernateValidator" /><!-- 指定校验使用的资源文件，在文件中配置校验错误信息，如果不指定则默认使用classpath下的ValidationMessages.properties --><property name="validationMessageSource" ref="messageSource" /></bean><!-- 校验错误信息配置文件 --><bean id="messageSource"class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource"><!-- 资源文件名--><property name="basenames">   <list>    <value>classpath:CustomValidationMessages</value> </list>   </property><!-- 资源文件编码格式 --><property name="fileEncodings" value="utf-8" /><!-- 对资源文件内容缓存时间，单位秒 --><property name="cacheSeconds" value="120" /></bean>

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1.5 Inject validator into the processor adapter

Configure in springmvc.xml under classpath:

1.5.1 Configuration method 1

##1.5.2 Configuration method 2

<!-- 自定义webBinder --><bean id="customBinder"class="org.springframework.web.bind.support.ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer"><property name="validator" ref="validator" /></bean><!-- 注解适配器 --><beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"><property name="webBindingInitializer" ref="customBinder"></property></bean>

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1.6 Add calibration in pojo Validation rules

Add validation rules in ItemsCustom.java:

/**
 * 商品信息的扩展类
 * @author Joanna.Yan
 * */public class ItemsCustom extends Items{//添加商品信息的扩展属性}

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这里ItemsCustom直接继承的是Items，所以我们在Items中添加：

1.7CustomValidationMessages.properties

在classpath下新建CustomValidationMessages.properties文件，配置校验错误信息：

1.8捕获校验错误信息

一个BindingResult对应一个pojo。

1.9在页面显示校验错误信息

1.9.1方式一

在controller中将错误信息传到页面即可。

    //商品信息修改提交//在需要校验的pojo前添加@Validated,在需要校验的pojo后边添加BindingResult bindingResult接收校验出错信息//注意：@Validated和BindingResult bindingResult是配对出现，并且形参顺序是固定的（一前一后）。@RequestMapping("/editItemsSubmit")public String editItemsSubmit(Model model,HttpServletRequest request,Integer id,
            @Validated ItemsCustom itemsCustom,BindingResult bindingResult) throws Exception{        //获取校验错误信息if(bindingResult.hasErrors()){
            List<ObjectError> allErrors=bindingResult.getAllErrors();for (ObjectError objectError : allErrors) {
                System.out.println(objectError.getDefaultMessage());
            }//将错误信息传到页面model.addAttribute("allErrors", allErrors);//出错，重新到商品页面return "items/editItems";
        }//调用service更新商品信息，页面需要将商品信息传到此方法        itemsService.updateItems(id, itemsCustom);        //重定向到商品的查询列表//        return "redirect:queryItems.action";//页面转发//        return "forward:queryItems.action";return "success";
    }

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页面显示错误信息：

<c:if test="${allErrors!=null }"><c:forEach items="${allErrors }" var="error">${error.defaultMessage }<br/></c:forEach></c:if>

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1.9.2方式二

修改Controller方法：

    //商品信息修改提交//在需要校验的pojo前添加@Validated,在需要校验的pojo后边添加BindingResult bindingResult接收校验出错信息//注意：@Validated和BindingResult bindingResult是配对出现，并且形参顺序是固定的（一前一后）。@RequestMapping("/editItemsSubmit")public String editItemsSubmit(Model model,HttpServletRequest request,Integer id,
            @Validated ItemsCustom itemsCustom,BindingResult bindingResult) throws Exception{        //获取校验错误信息if(bindingResult.hasErrors()){
            List<ObjectError> allErrors=bindingResult.getAllErrors();for (ObjectError objectError : allErrors) {
                System.out.println(objectError.getDefaultMessage());
            }//出错，重新到商品页面return "items/editItems";
        }//调用service更新商品信息，页面需要将商品信息传到此方法        itemsService.updateItems(id, itemsCustom);        //重定向到商品的查询列表//        return "redirect:queryItems.action";//页面转发//        return "forward:queryItems.action";return "success";
    }

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商品修改页面显示错误信息：

页头：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib uri="" prefix="c" %><%@ taglib uri=""  <%@ taglib prefix="spring" uri="" %>

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在需要显示错误信息地方：

<spring:hasBindErrors name="item"><c:forEach items="${errors.allErrors}" var="error">${error.defaultMessage }<br/></c:forEach></spring:hasBindErrors>

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表示如果item参数绑定校验错误下边显示错误信息。

1.10分组校验

1.10.1需求

在pojo中定义校验规则，而pojo是被多个controller所共用，当不同的controller方法对同一个pojo进行校验，但是每个controller方法需要不同的校验。

解决方法：

定义多个校验分组（其实是一个java接口），分组中定义有哪些规则。

每个controller方法使用不同的校验分组。

1.10.2校验分组

/**
 * 校验分组
 * @author Joanna.Yan
 * */public interface ValidGroup1 {//接口中不需要定义任何方法，仅是对不同的校验规则进行分组//此分组只校验商品名称长度}

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/**
 * 校验分组
 * @author Joanna.Yan
 * */public interface ValidGroup2 {//接口中不需要定义任何方法，仅是对不同的校验规则进行分组}

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1.10.3在校验规则中添加分组

1.10.4在controller方法中使用指定分组的校验

1.10.4校验注解

@Null 被注释的元素必须为 null

@NotNull 被注释的元素必须不为 null

@AssertTrue 被注释的元素必须为 true

@AssertFalse 被注释的元素必须为 false

@Min(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字，其值必须大于等于指定的最小值

@Max(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字，其值必须小于等于指定的最大值

@DecimalMin(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字，其值必须大于等于指定的最小值

@DecimalMax(value) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字，其值必须小于等于指定的最大值

@Size(max=, min=) 被注释的元素的大小必须在指定的范围内

@Digits (integer, fraction) 被注释的元素必须是一个数字，其值必须在可接受的范围内

@Past 被注释的元素必须是一个过去的日期

@Future 被注释的元素必须是一个将来的日期

@Pattern(regex=,flag=) 被注释的元素必须符合指定的正则表达式

Hibernate Validator 附加的 constraint

@NotBlank(message =) 验证字符串非null，且长度必须大于0

@Email 被注释的元素必须是电子邮箱地址

@Length(min=,max=) 被注释的字符串的大小必须在指定的范围内

@NotEmpty 被注释的字符串的必须非空

@Range(min=,max=,message=) 被注释的元素必须在合适的范围内

2.数据回显

2.1什么是数据回显

提交后，如果出现错误，将刚才提交的数据回显到刚才的提交页面。

2.2pojo数据回显方法

springmvc默认对pojo数据进行回显，springmvc自动将形参中的pojo重新放回request域中，request的key为pojo的类名（首字母小写），如下：

controller方法：

    @RequestMapping("/editItemSubmit")public String editItemSubmit(Integer id,ItemsCustom itemsCustom)throws Exception{

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springmvc自动将itemsCustom放回request，相当于调用下边的代码：

model.addAttribute("itemsCustom", itemsCustom);

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jsp页面：

页面中的从“itemsCustom”中取数据。

如果key不是pojo的类名(首字母小写)，可以使用@ModelAttribute完成数据回显。

@ModelAttribute作用如下：

（1）绑定请求参数到pojo并且暴露为模型数据传到视图页面。

此方法可实现数据回显效果。

// 商品修改提交@RequestMapping("/editItemSubmit")public String editItemSubmit(Model model,@ModelAttribute("item") ItemsCustom itemsCustom)

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页面：

<tr><td>商品名称</td><td><input type="text" name="name" value="${item.name }"/></td></tr><tr><td>商品价格</td><td><input type="text" name="price" value="${item.price }"/></td></tr>

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如果不用@ModelAttribute也可以使用model.addAttribute("item", itemsCustom)完成数据回显。

（2）将方法返回值暴露为模型数据传到视图页面

//商品分类@ModelAttribute("itemtypes")public Map<String, String> getItemTypes(){
        
        Map<String, String> itemTypes = new HashMap<String,String>();
        itemTypes.put("101", "数码");
        itemTypes.put("102", "母婴");        return itemTypes;
    }

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页面：

商品类型：<select name="itemtype"><c:forEach items="${itemtypes }" var="itemtype"><option value="${itemtype.key }">${itemtype.value }</option>        </c:forEach></select>

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2.3简单类型数据回显

最简单方法使用model。

//简单数据类型回显
 model.addAttribute("id", id);

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3.异常处理器

3.1异常处理思路

系统中异常包括两类：预期异常和运行时异常RuntimeException，前者通过捕获异常从而获取异常信息，后者主要通过规范代码开发、通过测试手段减少运行时异常的发生。

系统的dao、service、controller出现异常都通过throws Exception向上抛出，最后由springmvc前端控制器交由异常处理器进行异常处理，如下图：

springmvc提供全局异常处理器（一个系统只有一个异常处理器）进行统一异常处理。

3.2自定义异常类

对不同的异常类型定义异常类，继承Exception。

package joanna.yan.ssm.exception;/**
 * 系统自定义异常类，针对预期的异常。需要在程序中抛出此类异常。
 * @author Joanna.Yan
 * */public class CustomException extends Exception{//异常信息public String message;public CustomException(String message) {super();this.message = message;
    }public String getMessage() {return message;
    }public void setMessage(String message) {this.message = message;
    }
    
}

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3.3全局异常处理器

思路：

系统遇到异常，在程序中手动抛出，dao抛给service、service抛给controller、controller抛给前端控制器，前端控制器调用全局异常处理器。

全局异常处理器处理思路：

解析出异常类型

如果该异常类型是系统自定义的异常，直接取出异常信息，在错误页面展示

如果该异常类型不是系统自定义的异常，构造一个自定义的异常类型（信息为“未知错误”）

springmvc提供一个HandlerExceptionResolver接口。

package joanna.yan.ssm.exception;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerExceptionResolver;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;public class CustomExceptionResolver implements HandlerExceptionResolver{/* * ex:系统抛出的异常     */@Overridepublic ModelAndView resolveException(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse repsonse, Object handler, Exception ex) {//handler就是处理器适配器要执行的Handler对象（只有一个method）//1.解析出异常类型//2.如果该异常类型是系统自定义的异常，直接取出异常信息，在错误页面展示//3.如果该异常类型不是系统自定义的异常，构造一个自定义的异常类型（信息为“未知错误”）CustomException customException=null;if(ex instanceof CustomException){
            customException=(CustomException)ex;
        }else{
            customException=new CustomException("未知错误");
        }//错误信息String message=customException.getMessage();
        ModelAndView modelAndView=new ModelAndView();//将错误信息传到页面modelAndView.addObject("message", message);//指向错误页面modelAndView.setViewName("error");return modelAndView;
    }

}

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3.4错误页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>
  <head><base href="<%=basePath%>"><title>错误提示</title><meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css?1.1.11">-->

  </head>

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3.5在springmvc.xml配置全局异常处理器

    <!-- 全局异常处理器 
         只要实现HandlerExceptionResolver接口就是全局异常处理器--><bean class="joanna.yan.ssm.exception.CustomExceptionResolver"></bean>

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3.6异常测试

在controller、service、dao中任意一处需要手动抛出异常。

如果是程序中手动抛出的异常，在错误页面中显示自定义的异常信息，如果不是手动抛出异常说明是一个运行时异常，在错误页面只显示“未知错误”。

在商品修改的controller方法中抛出异常。

在service接口中抛出异常：

如果与业功能相关的异常，建议在service中抛出异常。

与业务功能没有关系的异常（比如形参校验），建议在controller中抛出。

上边的功能，建议在service中抛出异常。

4.图片上传

4.1配置虚拟目录

在Tomcat上配置图片虚拟目录，在tomcat下conf/server.xml中添加：

<Context docBase="F:\develop\upload\temp" path="/pic" reloadable="false"/>

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访问http://localhost:8080/pic即可访问F:\develop\upload\temp下的图片。

注意：在图片虚拟目录中，一定要将图片目录分级创建（提高I/O性能），一般我们采用按日期（年、月、日）进行分级创建。

4.2配置解析器

springmvc中对多部件类型解析。

在页面form中提交enctype="multipart/form-data"的数据时，需要springmvc对multipart类型的数据进行解析。

在springmvc.xml中配置multipart类型解析器。

    <!-- 文件上传 --><bean id="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"><!-- 设置上传文件的最大尺寸为5MB --><property name="maxUploadSize"><value>5242880</value></property></bean>

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4.3加入上传图片的jar

上边的解析器内部使用下边的jar进行图片上传。

4.4上传图片

controller:

    @RequestMapping("/editItemsSubmit")public String editItemsSubmit(
            Model model,
            HttpServletRequest request,
            Integer id,
            @ModelAttribute("items") @Validated(value={ValidGroup1.class}) ItemsCustom itemsCustom,
            BindingResult bindingResult,
            MultipartFile items_pic//接收商品图片) throws Exception{        //获取校验错误信息if(bindingResult.hasErrors()){
            List<ObjectError> allErrors=bindingResult.getAllErrors();for (ObjectError objectError : allErrors) {
                System.out.println(objectError.getDefaultMessage());
            }//将错误信息传到页面model.addAttribute("allErrors", allErrors);//可以直接使用model将提交的pojo回显到页面model.addAttribute("items", itemsCustom);//简单数据类型回显model.addAttribute("id", id);//出错，重新到商品页面return "items/editItems";
        }        //上传图片String originalFilename=items_pic.getOriginalFilename();if(items_pic!=null&&originalFilename!=null&&originalFilename.length()>0){//存储图片的物理路径String pic_path="F:\\develop\\upload\\temp\\";//新的图片名称String newFileName=UUID.randomUUID()+originalFilename.substring(originalFilename.lastIndexOf("."));//新图片File newFile=new File(pic_path+newFileName);//将内存中的数据写入磁盘            items_pic.transferTo(newFile);//将新图片名称写到itemsCustom中            itemsCustom.setPic(newFileName);
        }        //调用service更新商品信息，页面需要将商品信息传到此方法        itemsService.updateItems(id, itemsCustom);        //重定向到商品的查询列表//        return "redirect:queryItems.action";//页面转发//        return "forward:queryItems.action";return "success";
    }

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页面：

form添加enctype="multipart/form-data"，file的name与controller形参一致：

<form id="itemForm" action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/items/editItemsSubmit.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"><input type="hidden" name="id" value="${items.id }"/>修改商品信息：<table width="100%" border=1><tr><td>商品名称</td><td><input type="text" name="name" value="${items.name }"/></td></tr><tr><td>商品价格</td><td><input type="text" name="price" value="${items.price }"/></td></tr><tr><td>商品生产日期</td><td><input type="text" name="createtime" value="<fmt:formatDate value="${items.createtime}" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/>"/></td></tr><tr><td>商品图片</td><td><c:if test="${items.pic !=null}"><img src="/pic/${items.pic}" width=100 height=100/><br/></c:if><input type="file"  name="items_pic"/> </td></tr><tr><td>商品简介</td><td><textarea rows="3" cols="30" name="detail">${items.detail }</textarea></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="提交"/></td></tr></table></form>

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5.Json数据交互

5.1为什么要进行json数据交互

json数据格式在接口调用中、html页面中较常用，json格式比较简单，解析还比较方便。

比如：webserivce接口，传输json数据。

5.2springmvc进行json交互

（1）请求json、输出json，要求请求的是json串，所以在前端页面中需要将请求的内容转成json，不太方便。

（2）请求key/value、输出json。次方法比较常用。

5.3环境准备

5.3.1加载json转换的jar包

springmvc中使用jackson的包进行json转换（@requestBody和@responseBody使用下边的包进行json转换），如下：

5.3.2配置json转换器

在classpath/springmvc.xml，注解适配器中加入messageConverters

!--注解适配器 --><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"><property name="messageConverters"><list><bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"></bean></list></property></bean>

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注意：如果使用则不用定义上边的内容。

5.4json交互测试

这里分输入json串输出json串和输入key/value输出json两种情况进行测试。

新建jsonTest.jsp

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%String path = request.getContextPath();String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";%><!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"><html>
  <head><base href="<%=basePath%>"><title>json交互测试</title><meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache"><meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3"><meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page"><!--<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css?1.1.11">--><script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/js/jquery-1.4.4.min.js?1.1.11"></script>  <script type="text/javascript">  //请求json，输出的是json  function requestJson(){
          $.ajax({
              type:'post',
              url:'${pageContext.request.contextPath }/requestJson.action',
              contentType:'application/json;charset=utf-8',              //数据格式是json串，商品信息              data:'{"name":"手机","price":999}',
              success:function(data){//返回json结果                  alert(data);
              }
          });
      }      
      //请求key/value，输出的是json  function responseJson(){
          $.ajax({
              type:'post',
              url:'${pageContext.request.contextPath }/responseJson.action',              //请求是key/value这里不需要指定contentType，因为默认就是key/value类型  //contentType:'application/json;charset=utf-8',  //数据格式是json串，商品信息              data:'name=手机&price=999',
              success:function(data){//返回json结果                  alert(data);
              }
          });
      }      </script>
  </head>
  
  <body><input type="button" onclick="requestJson()" value="请求json，输出的是json"/> <input type="button" onclick="responseJson()" value="请求key/value，输出的是json"/>
  </body></html>

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新建Controller:

package joanna.yan.ssm.controller;import joanna.yan.ssm.po.ItemsCustom;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

@Controllerpublic class JsonTest {//请求json串（商品信息），输出的竖json（商品信息）//@RequestBody将请求的商品信息的json串转成itemsCustom对象//@ResponseBody将itemsCustom转成json输出@RequestMapping("/requestJson")public @ResponseBody ItemsCustom requestJson(@RequestBody ItemsCustom itemsCustom){        return itemsCustom;
    }    //请求key/value，输出的竖json@RequestMapping("/responseJson")public @ResponseBody ItemsCustom responseJson(ItemsCustom itemsCustom){        return itemsCustom;
    }
}

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（1）测试输入json串输出是json串

（2）测试输入key/value输出是json串

6.RESTful支持

6.1什么是RESTful

RESTful架构，是目前最流行的一种互联网软件架构。它结构清晰、符合标准、易于理解、扩展方便，所以得到越来越多网站的采用。

RESTful（即Representational State Transfer的缩写）其实是一个开发理念，是对http的很好的诠释。

（1）对url进行规范，写RESTful格式的url

非REST的url：http://...../queryItems.action?id=001&type=T01

REST的url风格：http://..../items/001

　　特点：url简洁，将参数通过url传到服务端

（2）对http的方法规范

不管是删除、添加、更新...使用url是一致的，如果进行删除，需要设置http的方法为delete，同理添加...

后台controller方法：判断http方法，如果是delete执行删除，如果是post执行添加。

（3）对http的contentType规范

请求时指定contentType，要json数据，设置成json格式的type...

目前完全实现RESTful的系统很少，一般只实现（1）、（3），对于（2）我们一个方法经常会同时存在增删改查，实现起来太费劲了。

下面举例实现（1）、（2）。

6.2REST的例子

6.2.1需求

查询商品信息，返回json数据。

6.2.2controller

定义方法，进行url映射使用REST风格的url，将查询商品信息的id传入controller。

输出json使用@ResponseBody将java对象输出json。

    //查询商品信息，输出json///itemsView/{id}里面的{id}表示占位符，通过@PathVariable获取占位符中的参数//如果占位符中的名称和形参名一致，在@PathVariable可以不指定名称@RequestMapping("/itemsView/{id}")public @ResponseBody ItemsCustom itemsView(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) throws Exception{
        ItemsCustom itemsCustom=itemsService.findItemsById(id);return itemsCustom;
    }

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6.2.3REST方法的前端控制器配置

在web.xml增加配置：

  <!-- springmvc前端控制器，rest配置  -->
  <servlet>  <servlet-name>springmvc_rest</servlet-name>  
  <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
  <init-param>  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
  <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>  
  </init-param>  <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>  
  <servlet-name>springmvc_rest</servlet-name>  
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

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6.3对静态资源的解析

配置前端控制器的url-parttern中指定/，对静态资源的解析出现问题：

在springmvc.xml中添加静态资源解析方法。

    <!-- 静态资源的解析 
         包括：js、css、img...--><mvc:resources location="/js/" 
         mapping="/js/**"/>
         <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>

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