Detailed explanation of ASCII code and base conversion function example code in PHP

ASCII code comparison chart is divided into two units
1, control characters 0-31 and 127
2, displayable characters 32-126
(1) 48~57 is 0 to 9 Arabic numerals;
(2) 65 to 90 are 26 uppercase English letters;
(3) 97 to 122 are 26 lowercase English letters;
(4) other punctuation marks, Operators , etc.;

Taking character A as an example
Dec represents decimal, such as 65
Hx represents hexadecimal, such as 41
Oct represents octal, such as 101
Char means display characters, such as A

PHP character conversion function description

For specific character conversion function description, please refer to [PHP functionDetailed decimal explanation , binary, octal and hexadecimal Decimal conversionFunction description]
Decimal to binary decbin() Function
Decimal to octal decoct() Function
Decimal to hexadecimal dechex( ) Function
Convert binary to hexadecimalbin2hex() Function
Convert binary to decimal to bindec() Function
Convert octal to decimal octdec() Function
Hex Convert to decimal hexdec() function
Arbitrary base_convert() function

Character conversion example
Example 1, how to convert a character to binary, octal or hexadecimal, you can use ord The () function first converts characters into ASCII values, and then uses the corresponding base conversion function to convert, as follows
a This character is converted to its binary/octal/hexadecimal form, as follows

a字符的十进制：ord('a'); //输出97
二进制：decbin(ord('a')); //输出1100001
八进制：decoct(ord('a')); //输出141
十六进制：dechex(ord('a')); //输出61

Then you can check the output results of each hexadecimal system against the ASCII code comparison table above.

Example 2, how to convert a binary to hexadecimal or decimal, such as the binary of a, as follows

采用实例一的方法获取a字符的二进制
decbin(ord('a'));
然后把二进制转换为十六进制或十进制
十六进制：bin2hex(decbin(ord('a')));//输出31313030303031
二进制J：bindec(decbin(ord('a'))); //输出97

A sample code for mutual conversion:

class ascii
{
function decode($str)
{
    preg_match_all( "/(d{2,5})/", $str,$a);
    $a = $a[0];
    foreach ($a as $dec)
    {
        if ($dec < 128)
        {
            $utf .= chr($dec);
        }
        else if ($dec < 2048)
       {
            $utf .= chr(192 + (($dec - ($dec % 64)) / 64));
            $utf .= chr(128 + ($dec % 64));
        }
        else
        {
            $utf .= chr(224 + (($dec - ($dec % 4096)) / 4096));
            $utf .= chr(128 + ((($dec % 4096) - ($dec % 64)) / 64));
            $utf .= chr(128 + ($dec % 64));
        }
    }
    return $utf;
}
function encode($c)
{
    $len = strlen($c);
    $a = 0;
    while ($a < $len)
    {
        $ud = 0;
        if (ord($c{$a}) >=0 && ord($c{$a})< =127)
        {
            $ud = ord($c{$a});
            $a += 1;
        }
        else if (ord($c{$a}) >=192 && ord($c{$a})< =223)
        {
            $ud = (ord($c{$a})-192)*64 + (ord($c{$a+1})-128);
            $a += 2;
        }
        else if (ord($c{$a}) >=224 && ord($c{$a})< =239)
        {
            $ud = (ord($c{$a})-224)*4096 + (ord($c{$a+1})-128)*64 + (ord($c{$a+2})-128);
            $a += 3;
        }
        else if (ord($c{$a}) >=240 && ord($c{$a})< =247)
        {
            $ud = (ord($c{$a})-240)*262144 + (ord($c{$a+1})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{$a+2})-128)*64 + (ord($c{$a+3})-128);
            $a += 4;
        }
        else if (ord($c{$a}) >=248 && ord($c{$a})< =251)
        {
            $ud = (ord($c{$a})-248)*16777216 + (ord($c{$a+1})-128)*262144 + (ord($c{$a+2})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{$a+3})-128)*64 + (ord($c{$a+4})-128);
            $a += 5;
        }
        else if (ord($c{$a}) >=252 && ord($c{$a})< =253)
        {
            $ud = (ord($c{$a})-252)*1073741824 + (ord($c{$a+1})-128)*16777216 + (ord($c{$a+2})-128)*262144 + (ord($c{$a+3})-128)*4096 + (ord($c{$a+4})-128)*64 + (ord($c{$a+5})-128);
            $a += 6;
        }
        else if (ord($c{$a}) >=254 && ord($c{$a})< =255)
        { //error
            $ud = false;
        }
        $scill .= "&#$ud;";
    }
    return $scill;
}

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