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Detailed explanation of History mode in HTML5

黄舟

Jul 18, 2017 pm 01:51 PM

h5 history html5

I recently saw the implementation of HTML5 History mode routing in vue-router, and then I went to study HTML5 History. Here are some of my understandings. By the way, I used jquery to write an implementation similar to the HTML5 History mode router in vue-router. , in order to achieve the purpose of practicing and becoming familiar with it.

1. history.pushState

history.pushState(state, title, url);

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The first and second parameters above can be empty, mainly the third one Parameter, indicating the address of the new historical record. The browser will not load this URL after calling the pushState() method. The new URL does not have to be an absolute address. If it is relative, it must be relative to the current one. URL

2. history.replaceState

history.replaceState(state, title, url);

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window.history.replaceState is similar to window.history.pushState. The difference is that replaceState will not add a new historical record point in window.history. Its effect is similar to window.location.replace(url), which will not add a new record point in the historical record point.

3. window.onpopstate

to monitor changes in url

window.addEventListener("popstate", function() {
    var currentState = history.state;
    /*
     * 触发事件后要执行的程序
    */                                            
});

//或者
window.onpopstate = function(){}

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javascript script executes window.history .pushState and window.history.replaceState will not trigger the onpopstate event. Clicking forward or backward in the browser will trigger it.

The reactions of Google Chrome and Firefox are different when the page is first opened. Google Chrome The strange thing is that the browser triggers the onpopstate event, but the Firefox browser does not

4. Below is an example of an HTML5 mode similar to vue-router, purely to deepen understanding, and the writing is very rough.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>HTML5 History 模式(第二版)</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css">
    <style type="text/css">
        .container-bg{width:1000px; overflow: hidden; margin-right: 0 auto;}
        .pagination{width: 1000px; background-color: #d8d8d8; height: 30px; line-height: 30px;}
        .pagination li{width: 100px; height: 30px; background: red; float: left; cursor: pointer; color:#fff; margin: 0 10px 0 0;}
    </style>
</head>
<body>
    <p class="container-bg">
        <ul class="pagination">
            <li>1</li>
            <li>2</li>
            <li>3</li>
        </ul>
        <ul class="ptting"></ul>
    </p>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
    
    history.replaceState(null, "页面标题", "http://127.0.0.1:3000/lmw/0");//当页面载入时候，把url地址修改
    
    var searchObject = {};/*此对象用来保存下面pushState的URL作为key值，ajax要查询的ID为val
                           *例如：searchObject = {"http://127.0.0.1:3000/lmw/0":0}*/
    var factory = function(){
        var addva = document.location.href;//获取完整URL
        var query = searchObject[addva];//找到该URL对应的值
        query = (query == undefined ? 0 :query);
        //发起ajax加载页面
        $.get("/page?page="+query,function(data){
                    var data2 = JSON.parse(data);
                    var ele = ""
                    for(var i=0;i<data2.data.length;i++){
                        ele += &#39;<li>&#39;+data2.data[i].name+&#39;</li>&#39;
                    }
                    $(&#39;.ptting&#39;).html(ele)
                    
                }) 
        };
    
        //点击分页切换事件
            $(".pagination li").click(function(){
                var query=$(this).index();
                $.get("/page?page="+query,function(data){
                    var data2 = JSON.parse(data);
                    var ele = ""
                    for(var i=0;i<data2.data.length;i++){
                        ele += &#39;<li>&#39;+data2.data[i].name+&#39;</li>&#39;
                    }
                    $(&#39;.ptting&#39;).html(ele)                    
                    history.pushState({pageIndex : 1}, "", "http://127.0.0.1:3000/lmw/"+query);
                    //把当前pushState的url，和ajax查询的值存入对象，以供触发pushState事件的时候使用
                    searchObject["http://127.0.0.1:3000/lmw/"+query] = query
                    
                })
            })


//浏览器前进或者后退的时候触发popstate事件
if (history.pushState) {
    window.addEventListener("popstate", function() {
        factory()                              
    });

    factory()
};


    </script>
</body>
</html>

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By the way, I’ll post a server code in node.js. For testing, I simply wrote one

var fs = require(&#39;fs&#39;)
var path = require(&#39;path&#39;)
var express = require(&#39;express&#39;)
var app = express();
app.use(express.static(&#39;./public&#39;));
var router = express.Router();
router.get(&#39;/page&#39;,function(req,res){
    var page = req.query.page
    try{
        var text = fs.readFileSync(&#39;./data&#39;+page+&#39;.json&#39;);
        res.json(text.toString())
    }catch(err){
        res.send(&#39;哈哈！傻逼，没有拉！&#39;)    
    }
    
})

app.use(router)

app.listen(3000)

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 注意：history.pushState({pageIndex : 1}, "", "http://127.0.0.1:3000/lmw/"+query)这里第三个参数写了完整的绝对路径，如果写成"/lmw/"+query这样的相对路径，会随着query值得增加无限在url后面追加，因为相对路径它一定是相对于当前的URL

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