Detailed explanation of JavaScript character statistics, variable exchange, and array difference algorithm examples

Count the characters that appear most frequently in the string

Principle: This is similar to array deduplication. It also uses an object obj to convert the array into The element is used as the attribute name of the object. If the attribute name does not exist, the value is assigned to 1. If it exists, the value is increased by 1.

var maxShowTimes = function(str){
  // 创建一个用于判重的对象
  let obj = {};
  // 判断字符串是否为空或只有一个元素
  if(str.length <= 1){
    return str.length === 0?&#39;字符串不能为空&#39;:str;
  }
  // 利用String的charAt()方法获取各个字符
  for(let i = 0; i <= str.length; i++){
    if(!obj[str.charAt(i)]){ //如果不存在
      obj[str.charAt(i)] = 1; 
    }else{ //如果存在
      obj[str.charAt(i)] += 1;
    }
  }
  // 在obj对象中寻找值最大的那个属性
  let maxChar = &#39;&#39;;
  let maxTimes = 0;
  for(var k in obj){
    if(obj[k] > maxTimes){
      maxChar = k;
      maxTimes = obj[k];
    }
  }
  return maxChar;
}

Realize two variable exchange values ​​without using a third variable

Principle: It is just a variable substitution, the idea is very clever , can only be used for digital exchange.

var swap = function(a,b){
  if(a === b){
    return [a,b];
  }
  b = b - a; // 此处的 b - a中的b和a的值是最初的值
  a = a + b; // a = a + b -a; 实现了将b的值赋给a
  b = a - b; // b = a - (b - a) = 2a - b 相当于 2b = 2a;实现了将a的值赋给b
  return [a,b];
}

Find the maximum difference of an array

Principle: Traverse the array once, find the maximum and minimum values, and return the difference Value

var getMaxProfit = function(arr){
  // 定义两个变量，分别存贮最大值和最小值
  let maxNum = arr[0];
  let minNum = arr[0];
  for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
    if(arr[i] > maxNum){
      maxNum = arr[i];
    }
    if(arr[i] < minNum){
      minNum = arr[i];
    }
  }
  return maxNum - minNum;
}

Get a random string of any length

Principle: You can manually specify the character library and random character length n, using The two methods Math.floor() and Math.random() implement obtaining random characters.

var getRandomString = function(n){
  // 定义随机字符串的字符库
  let str = 'qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm1234567890';
  // 定义一个临时变量tmp存储生成的随机字符串
  let tmp = '';
  //获取str的长度
  let len = str.length;
  // 生成一个长度为n的随机字符串
  for(let i = 0; i < n; i++){
    tmp += str.charAt(Math.floor(Math.random() * len));
  }
  return tmp;
}

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