python basic tutorial file operation method to achieve full text or single line replacement

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When python modifies files, using w mode will clear/overwrite the original files. You can first open it with read (r), write it to the memory, and then open it with write (w).

1. Replace taste in the text with tasting

##

Yesterday when I was young
昨日当我年少轻狂
The taste of life was sweet
生命的滋味是甜的
As rain upon my tongue

#将文件读取到内存中
with open("./fileread.txt","r",encoding="utf-8") as f:
 lines = f.readlines() 
#写的方式打开文件
with open("./fileread.txt","w",encoding="utf-8") as f_w:
 for line in lines:
  if "taste" in line:
   #替换
   line = line.replace("taste","tasting")
  f_w.write(line)

2. Search and replace in the full text or replace in a single line

##

#文本内容
Yesterday when I was young
昨日当我年少轻狂
The taste of life was sweet
生命的滋味是甜的
As rain upon my tongue
taste
taste
taste
taste

#定义一个函数，带有4个参数
#x 表示要更新的文件名称
#y 表示要被替换的内容
#z 表示 替换后的内容
#s 默认参数为 1 表示只替换第一个匹配到的字符串
# 如果参数为 s = 'g' 则表示全文替换
def string_switch(x,y,z,s=1):
 with open(x, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
  #readlines以列表的形式将文件读出
  lines = f.readlines()
 
 with open(x, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f_w:
  #定义一个数字，用来记录在读取文件时在列表中的位置
  n = 0
  #默认选项，只替换第一次匹配到的行中的字符串
  if s == 1:
   for line in lines:
    if y in line:
     line = line.replace(y,z)
     f_w.write(line)
     n += 1
     break
    f_w.write(line)
    n += 1
   #将剩余的文本内容继续输出
   for i in range(n,len(lines)):
    f_w.write(lines[i])
  #全局匹配替换
  elif s == 'g':
   for line in lines:
    if y in line:
     line = line.replace(y,z)
    f_w.write(line)

Test

1) Default parameter 1, only replace the first matched line

string_switch("fileread.txt","taste","tasting")
 
#结果
Yesterday when I was young
昨日当我年少轻狂
The tasting of life was sweet
生命的滋味是甜的
As rain upon my tongue
taste
taste
taste
taste

2)Global replacement

string_switch("fileread.txt","taste","tasting","g")
 
#结果
Yesterday when I was young
昨日当我年少轻狂
The tasting of life was sweet
生命的滋味是甜的
As rain upon my tongue
tasting
tasting
tasting
tasting

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