What is css double flying wing layout and holy grail layout

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Double Flying Wing Layout and Holy Grail Layout are both ways to achieve an adaptive three-column layout with a fixed middle on both sides. I have recently been sorting out notes on how to implement a three-column layout, and decided to pull out an article to remember these two. Classic layout.

1. Holy Grail Layout

Floating, negative margins, relative positioning, no additional tags

Rendering

DOM structure:

<p class="header">Header</p>
<p class="bd">
    <p class="main">Main</p>
    <p class="left">Left</p>
    <p class="right">Right
    </p>
</p>
<p class="footer">Footer</p>

Style:

<style>
        body{padding:0;margin:0}
        .header,.footer{width:100%;  background: #666;height:30px;clear:both;}
        .bd{
            padding-left:150px;
            padding-right:190px;
        }
        .left{
            background: #E79F6D;
            width:150px;
            float:left;
            margin-left:-100%;
            position: relative;
            left:-150px;
        }
        .main{
            background: #D6D6D6;
            width:100%;
            float:left;

        }
        .right{
            background: #77BBDD;
            width:190px;
            float:left;
            margin-left:-190px;
            position:relative;
            right:-190px;
        }
    </style>

Style change process of left, middle and right parts

1. The middle part needs to change according to the change of browser width, so 100% is used. Here set *left The middle right floats to the left. Because the middle is 100%, the left and right layers have no position at all

      .left{
            background: #E79F6D;
            width:150px;
            float:left;
        }
        .main{
            background: #D6D6D6;
            width:100%;
            float:left;

        }
        .right{
            background: #77BBDD;
            width:190px;
            float:left;
        }

2. After reducing the margin of the left layer by 150, I found that the left layer went up. Because it was so negative that there was no room for the window, I could only move it up

.left{ 
   background: #E79F6D; 
   width:150px; 
   float:left; 
   margin-left:-150px; 
}

3. According to the second step, it can be concluded that it only needs to move the width of the window to reach the leftmost position. Use negative margins to position the left and right columns

.left{ 
  background: #E79F6D; 
  width:150px; 
  float:left; 
  margin-left:-100%; 
}
.right{ 
  background: #77BBDD; 
  width:190px; 
  float:left; 
  margin-left:-190px; 
}

#4. However, the problem came, the middle was blocked by the left and right sides, so I had to add padding to the outer layer

.bd{ 
  padding-left:150px; 
  padding-right:190px;
}

5. But after adding it, the left and right columns were also indented, so I used the relative positioning method to move themselves out relative to themselves to get the final result

.left{ 
  background: #E79F6D; 
  width:150px; 
  float:left; 
  margin-left:-100%; 
  position: relative; 
  left:-150px; 
} 
.right{ 
  background: #77BBDD; 
  width:190px; 
  float:left; 
  margin-left:-190px; 
  position:relative; 
  right:-190px; 
}

2. Double flying wing layout

Without adding additional tags Next, the Holy Grail layout is already perfect. The Holy Grail layout uses relative positioning. In the future, the layout will have limitations, and there are many places to change the width control. So is there any other method that is more concise and convenient?

Under Taobao UED discussion, adding one more p eliminates the need for relative layout and only uses floating and negative margins. This is what we call the double flying wing layout.

DOM structure: A p

<p class="header">Header</p>
<p class="bd"> 
  <p class="main"> 
    <p class="inner"> Main </p>*
  </p> 
  <p class="left">Left</p> 
  <p class="right">Right </p>
</p>
<p class="footer">Footer</p>

## is added to the main inner layer. Style:

The relative positioning of the left and right columns is removed.

Remove the wrapping layer padding and replace it with the margin of p added in the middle column

        body{
          padding:0;
          margin:0
        }
        .header,.footer{
          width:100%;  
          background:#666;
          height:30px;clear:both;
        }
        .bd{
            /*padding-left:150px;*/
            /*padding-right:190px;*/
        }
        .left{
            background: #E79F6D;
            width:150px;
            float:left;
            margin-left:-100%;
            /*position: relative;*/
            /*left:-150px;*/
        }
        .main{
            background: #D6D6D6;
            width:100%;
            float:left;
        }
        .right{
            background: #77BBDD;
            width:190px;
            float:left;
            margin-left:-190px;
            /*position:relative;*/
            /*right:-190px;*/
        }
        .inner{
            margin-left:150px;
            margin-right:190px;
        }

3. Double flying wing layout and Holy Grail layout The difference between

The solution to the problem of Holy Grail layout and Double Flying Wing layout is the same in the first half, that is:

• The middle column width is set to 100%

• All three columns are float

• Add negative margin to the left and right columns so that they are side by side with the middle column p to form a three-column layout.

The difference lies in the different ideas for solving the problem of the middle column p content not being blocked.

Holy Grail Layout

• Set the left and right padding-left and padding-right of the outer wrapping layer of the three columns

• Set the left and right The two ps use relative layout position: relative and match the right and left attributes respectively. They move relative to themselves so as not to block the middle p

Double Flying Wing Layout

• Create a sub-p inside the middle p to place content

• In this sub-p, use margin-left and margin-right to leave space for the left and right columns p

There is 1 more p, and 4 less css attributes are used (the two attributes of adding-left and padding-right of pp in the middle of Holy Grail layout, plus the two ps on the left and right, use relative layout position: relative and The corresponding right and left have 4 attributes in total, 6 in total; while the double-wing layout sub-p uses margin-left and margin-right in total 2 attributes, 6-2=4).

Moreover, the double flying wing layout has another advantage. It turns the Main into a BFC element. When the screen width is reduced, the Main will not be squeezed out, and the Holy Grail layout will be squeezed out.

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Detailed explanation of the transformation and use of double flying wings layout

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About Holy Grail layout and double flying wing layout

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