Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial php面向对象全攻略 (九)访问类型_php基础

php面向对象全攻略 (九)访问类型_php基础

May 17, 2016 am 09:30 AM
php

13.访问类型
类型的访问修饰符允许开发人员对类成员的访问进行限制,这是PHP5 的新特性,但却
是OOP 语言的一个好的特性。而且大多数OOP 语言都已支持此特性。PHP5 支持如下3 种访
问修饰符
public (公有的、默认的),private (私有的)和protected (受保护的)三种。
public 公有修饰符,类中的成员将没有访问限制,所有的外部成员都可以访问(读和写)
这个类成员(包括成员属性和成员方法),在PHP5 之前的所有版本中,PHP 中类的成员都是
public 的,而且在PHP5 中如果类的成员没有指定成员访问修饰符,将被视为public。
例:public $name;
public function say(){};
private 私有修改符,被定义为private 的成员,对于同一个类里的所有成员是可见的,即
是没有访问限制;但对于该类的外部代码是不允许改变甚至读操作,对于该类的子类,也不
能访问private 修饰的成员。
例:private $var1 = ‘A'; //属性
private function getValue(){} //函数
protected 保护成员修饰符,被修饰为protected 的成员不能被该类的外部代码访问。但是
对于该类的子类有访问权限,可以进行属性、方法的读及写操作,该子类的外部代码包括其的
子类都不具有访问其属性和方法的权限。
例:protected $name;
protected function say(){};
private protected public
同一个类中 √ √ √
类的子类中 √ √
所有的外部成员 √
代码片段
复制代码 代码如下:

/**
* Define MyClass
*/
class MyClass{
public $public = 'Public';
protected $protected = 'Protected';
private $private = 'Private';
function printHello(){
echo $this->public;
echo $this->protected;
echo $this->private;
}
}
$obj = new MyClass();
echo $obj->public; //Works
echo $obj->protected; // Fatal Error
echo $obj->private; // Fatal Error
$obj->printHello(); // Shows Public, Protected and Private
/**
* Define MyClass2
*/
class MyClass2 extends MyClass{
//We can redeclare the public and protected method, but not private
protected $protected = 'Protected2';
function printHello(){
echo $this->public;
echo $this->protected;
echo $this->private;
}
}
$obj2 = new MyClass2();
echo $obj->public; //Works
echo $obj2->private; // Undefined
echo $obj2->protected; // Fatal Error
$obj2->printHello(); // Shows Public, Protected2, not Private
?>

代码片段
复制代码 代码如下:

/**
* Define MyClass
*/
class MyClass{
// Contructors must be public
public function __construct() { }
// Declare a public method
public function MyPublic() { }
// Declare a protected method
protected function MyProtected() { }
// Declare a private method
private function MyPrivate() { }
// This is public
function Foo() {
$this->MyPublic();
$this->MyProtected();
$this->MyPrivate();
}
}
$myclass = new MyClass;
$myclass->MyPublic(); //Works
$myclass->MyProtected(); // Fatal Error
$myclass->MyPrivate(); // Fatal Error
$myclass->Foo(); // Public, Protected and Private work
/**
* Define MyClass2
*/
class MyClass2 extends MyClass{
// This is public
function Foo2(){
$this->MyPublic();
$this->MyProtected();
$this->MyPrivate(); // Fatal Error
}
}
$myclass2 = new MyClass2;
$myclass2->MyPublic(); // Works
$myclass2->Foo2(); // Public and Protected work, not Private
?>

另外在子类覆盖父类的方法时也要注意一点,子类中方法的访问权限一定不能低于父类
被覆盖方法的访问权限,也就是一定要高于或等于父类方法的访问权限。
例如,如果父类方法的访问权限是protected 那么子类中要覆盖的权限就要是protected
和public,如果父类的方法是public 那么子类中要覆盖的方法只能也是public,总之子类中的
方法总是要高于或等于父类被覆盖方法的访问权限。
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator

AI Hentai Generator

Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

R.E.P.O. Energy Crystals Explained and What They Do (Yellow Crystal)
2 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Repo: How To Revive Teammates
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌
Hello Kitty Island Adventure: How To Get Giant Seeds
4 weeks ago By 尊渡假赌尊渡假赌尊渡假赌

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

CakePHP Project Configuration CakePHP Project Configuration Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:25 PM

In this chapter, we will understand the Environment Variables, General Configuration, Database Configuration and Email Configuration in CakePHP.

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

CakePHP Date and Time CakePHP Date and Time Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:27 PM

To work with date and time in cakephp4, we are going to make use of the available FrozenTime class.

CakePHP File upload CakePHP File upload Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:27 PM

To work on file upload we are going to use the form helper. Here, is an example for file upload.

CakePHP Routing CakePHP Routing Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:25 PM

In this chapter, we are going to learn the following topics related to routing ?

Discuss CakePHP Discuss CakePHP Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:28 PM

CakePHP is an open-source framework for PHP. It is intended to make developing, deploying and maintaining applications much easier. CakePHP is based on a MVC-like architecture that is both powerful and easy to grasp. Models, Views, and Controllers gu

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

CakePHP Creating Validators CakePHP Creating Validators Sep 10, 2024 pm 05:26 PM

Validator can be created by adding the following two lines in the controller.

See all articles