Home Database Mysql Tutorial Summary on the use of REGEXP regular expressions in MySQL

Summary on the use of REGEXP regular expressions in MySQL

Jan 13, 2018 pm 01:54 PM
mysql regexp expression

In the past, I used like to find data. Later, I found that there are regular expressions in mysql and I feel that the performance is better than like. Now I will share with you a detailed explanation of the use of mysql REGEXP regular expressions. I hope this method will be helpful to everyone. .

Regular expression describes a set of strings. The simplest regular expression is one that does not contain any special characters. For example, the regular expression hello matches hello.

Non-trivial regular expressions adopt a special structure that allows them to match more than one string. For example, the regular expression hello|word matches the string hello or the string word.

As a more complex example, the regular expression B[an]*s matches any of the following strings: Bananas, Baaaaas, Bs, and any string starting with B, ending with s, and ending with Any other string containing any number of a or n characters.

The following are the schemas available for tables with the REGEXP operator.

Application example, find user records with incorrect email format in the user table:


SELECT * 
FROM users
WHERE email NOT REGEXP '^[A-Z0-9._%-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+.[A-Z]{2,4}$'
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Regular expression in MySQL database The grammar of formula mainly includes the meaning of various symbols.

(^) character

matches the starting position of the string, such as "^a" means a string starting with the letter a.


mysql> select 'xxxyyy' regexp '^xx';

+-----------------------+
| 'xxxyyy' regexp '^xx' |
+-----------------------+
|           1 |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
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Query whether the xxxyyy string starts with xx. The result value is 1, which means the value is true and the condition is met.

($) character

matches the end position of the string, such as "X^" means a string ending with the letter X.

(.) Character

This character is the dot in English. It matches any character, including carriage return, line feed, etc.

(*) character

The asterisk matches 0 or more characters, and there must be content before it. For example:


mysql> select 'xxxyyy' regexp 'x*';
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This SQL statement, the regular match is true.

(+) character

The plus sign matches 1 or more characters, and there must also be content before it. The plus sign is used similarly to the asterisk, except that the asterisk is allowed to appear 0 times, and the plus sign must appear at least once.

(?) character

question mark matches 0 or 1 times.

Example:

Now based on the above table, various types of SQL queries can be installed to meet the requirements. Here are some understandings. Consider we have a table as person_tbl and there is a field named name:

Query to find all names starting with 'st'


mysql> SELECT name FROM person_tbl WHERE name REGEXP '^st';
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Query to find all The name ends with 'ok'


mysql> SELECT name FROM person_tbl WHERE name REGEXP 'ok$';
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Query to find all the name strings containing 'mar'


mysql> SELECT name FROM person_tbl WHERE name REGEXP 'mar';
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Query to find all names starting with a vowel and ending with 'ok'


mysql> SELECT name FROM person_tbl WHERE name REGEXP '^[aeiou]|ok$';
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The following reserved words can be used in a regular expression

^

The matched string starts with the following string


mysql> select "fonfo" REGEXP "^fo$"; -> 0(表示不匹配) 
mysql> select "fofo" REGEXP "^fo"; -> 1(表示匹配)
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$

The matched string ends with the previous string


mysql> select "fono" REGEXP "^fono$"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "fono" REGEXP "^fo$"; -> 0(表示不匹配) 
.
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Matches any character (including new lines)


mysql> select "fofo" REGEXP "^f.*"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "fonfo" REGEXP "^f.*"; -> 1(表示匹配)
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a*

Match any number of a (including empty string)


mysql> select "Ban" REGEXP "^Ba*n"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "Baaan" REGEXP "^Ba*n"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "Bn" REGEXP "^Ba*n"; -> 1(表示匹配)
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a+

Match any number of a (excluding empty string)


mysql> select "Ban" REGEXP "^Ba+n"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "Bn" REGEXP "^Ba+n"; -> 0(表示不匹配)
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a?

Matches one or zero a


mysql> select "Bn" REGEXP "^Ba?n"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "Ban" REGEXP "^Ba?n"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "Baan" REGEXP "^Ba?n"; -> 0(表示不匹配)
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de|abc

matches de or abc


mysql> select "pi" REGEXP "pi|apa"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "axe" REGEXP "pi|apa"; -> 0(表示不匹配) 
mysql> select "apa" REGEXP "pi|apa"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "apa" REGEXP "^(pi|apa)$"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "pi" REGEXP "^(pi|apa)$"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "pix" REGEXP "^(pi|apa)$"; -> 0(表示不匹配)
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(abc)*

Match any number of abc (including empty string)


mysql> select "pi" REGEXP "^(pi)*$"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "pip" REGEXP "^(pi)*$"; -> 0(表示不匹配) 
mysql> select "pipi" REGEXP "^(pi)*$"; -> 1(表示匹配)
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{1}
{2,3}

This is a more comprehensive method, which can realize the functions of several previous reserved words

a *

can be written as a{0,}

a+

can be written as a{1,}

a?

can be written as a{0,1}

There is only one integer parameter i in {}, which means that the character can only appear i times; there is one integer parameter i in {}, followed by ", ", indicating that the character can appear i times or more than i times; there is only one integer parameter i within {}, followed by a ",", and then an integer parameter j, indicating that the character can only appear i times or more, j times The following (including i times and j times). The integer parameter must be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to RE_DUP_MAX (default is 255). If there are two parameters, the second must be greater than or equal to the first

[a-dX]

matches "a", "b", "c", "d" or " "

"[", "]" must be used in pairs

mysql> select "aXbc" REGEXP "[a-dXYZ]"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "aXbc" REGEXP "^[a-dXYZ]$"; -> 0(表示不匹配) 
mysql> select "aXbc" REGEXP "^[a-dXYZ]+$"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "aXbc" REGEXP "^[^a-dXYZ]+$"; -> 0(表示不匹配) 
mysql> select "gheis" REGEXP "^[^a-dXYZ]+$"; -> 1(表示匹配) 
mysql> select "gheisa" REGEXP "^[^a-dXYZ]+$"; -> 0(表示不匹配)
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Related recommendations:

JS regular expression perfectly realizes the ID card verification function

How to use regular expressions to highlight JavaScript code

javascript matches the regular expression code commented in js

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