HTML5 data-* custom attribute example sharing

This article mainly introduces the relevant information on the detailed explanation of HTML5 data-* custom attributes. The editor thinks it is quite good, so I will share it with you now and give it as a reference. Let’s follow the editor to take a look, I hope it can help everyone.

In jQuery's attr and prop, it is mentioned that improper use of property in versions before IE9 will cause memory leaks, and the difference between Attribute and Property is also a headache. In HTML5, data- * method to customize attributes. The so-called data-* is actually the data- prefix plus the customized attribute name. Data can be stored using such a structure. Using data-* can solve the current situation of confusing and unmanaged custom attributes.

Reading and writing methods

data-*There are two setting methods, you can write directly on the HTML element tag

<p id="test" data-age="24">
        Click Here
    </p>

The data-age is a custom attribute. Of course, we can also operate it through JavaScript. Elements in HTML5 will have a dataset attribute, which is a collection of key-value pairs of the DOMStringMap type

var test = document.getElementById('test');
        test.dataset.my = 'Byron';

In this way, a custom attribute of data-my is added to p. There are two things to pay attention to when using JavaScript to operate dataset

1. We are here When adding or reading attributes, you need to remove the prefix data-*. Like the above example, we do not use the form test.dataset.data-my = 'Byron';.

2. If the attribute name also contains a hyphen (-), it needs to be converted to camel case naming. But if a selector is used in CSS, we need to use the hyphen format

as just now The code appends the content

<style type="text/css">
        [data-birth-date]
        {
            background-color: #0f0;
            width:100px;
            margin:20px;
        }
    </style>

test.dataset.birthDate = '19890615';

In this way, we set the data-birth-date custom attribute through JavaScript, and the CSS style sheet is p added some styles to see the effect

When reading, it is also through the dataset object, using "." to get the attributes. The data- prefix also needs to be removed, and the hyphens need to be converted into camel case naming

var test = document.getElementById('test');
        test.dataset.my = 'Byron';
        test.dataset.birthDate = '19890615';
        test.onclick = function () {
            alert(this.dataset.my + ' ' + this.dataset.age+' '+this.dataset.birthDate);
        }

getAttribute/setAttribute

Some students may ask if there is any difference between this and getAttribute/setAttribute except naming. Let’s take a look

var test = document.getElementById('test');
        test.dataset.birthDate = '19890615';
        test.setAttribute('age', 25);
        test.setAttribute('data-sex', 'male');

        console.log(test.getAttribute('data-age')); //24
        console.log(test.getAttribute('data-birth-date')); //19890516
        console.log(test.dataset.age); //24
        console.log(test.dataset.sex); //male

In this way we can see that both of them set attributes to attributes (nonsense, otherwise they can call them custom attributes), which means that getAttribute/setAttribute can operate on all dataset contents. The content of the dataset is only a subset of the attributes. The special thing is the naming, but there are only attributes with the data- prefix in the dataset (there is no age=25 one).

So why do we still use data-*? One of the biggest advantages is that we can manage all custom attributes in a unified manner in the dataset object. It is very convenient to traverse everything without going to zero. It’s scattered, so it’s still good to use.

Browser compatibility

The bad news is that the browser compatibility of data-* is very unoptimistic

1. Internet Explorer 11+

2. Chrome 8+

3. Firefox 6.0+

4. Opera 11.10 +

5. Safari 6+

Among them, IE11+ is simply blinding my friends. It seems that there is a long way to go to fully use this attribute. Xiu Yuan

Related recommendations:

What is the data-* custom attribute of HTML5

How to obtain it in H5 and setting custom properties

Detailed explanation of object model code for JavaScript custom properties and methods

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