Use docker to create an integrated service lnmp environment

This article mainly introduces the use of docker to create an integrated service lnmp environment. Now I share it with everyone and provide a reference for friends in need.

After mastering the basic commands of docker, I also wanted to use docker to create some actual supporting environments, so I used my most commonly used lnmp environment for testing. The order of running the supporting environment is mysql->php->nginx. The reason why will be explained below.

1.MySQL

Unless there are special instructions, the images for running services are all pulled from the official images. For small businesses and individual developers, the official The mirror is safer and saves worry and effort.

# 拉取镜像
$ docker pull mysql
# 运行MySQL
$ docker run MySQL --name mysql -d \
    -p 3306:3306 \
    -v /var/lib/mysql/:/var/lib/mysql/ \
    -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=ilovec \

The following will explain each of the above running parameters in turn

1. --name: the specified running container The name

2. -d: Run the container in the background

3. -p: The mapping of the host and container ports

4. -v: Mount the container to the local directory mapping

5. -e: Specify the environment variable for running the container

2.PHP

Pull the official image php-fpm and download it according to the PHP version you need. However, some commonly used PHP packages are not included in the official image, so we need to use Rebuild the dockerfile. The following is to install the two PHP extension packages mysqli and pdo in the Dockerfile.

FROM php:7.1-fpm
# Install modules
RUN docker-php-ext-install mysqli && docker-php-ext-enable mysqli
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql
CMD ["php-fpm"]

Run php-fpm

docker run -d -p 9000:9000 \
  --name php-fpm \
  --link mysql \
  -v /data/wwwroot/:/data/wwwroot/ \
  php-fpm

Note the parameters The --link parameter is very useful for connecting between containers. It will add a domain name resolution in /etc/hosts of the current container. Through this domain name, you can connect to the corresponding container, such as the above-mentioned php-fpm Inside, link to mysql, then the php program in php-fpm can connect to the just-running mysql container through the mysql string, and you can see the parsing records inside by cat /etc/hosts.

172.17.0.2 mysql b41d2569c06d

3.Nginx

Run nginx through the following command, because nginx needs to pass 127.0.0.1 :9000 port to connect to php-fpm to parse php files, so you need to connect to php-fpm through link.

docker run -d -p 80:80 \
  --name nginx \
  --link php-fpm \
  -v /data/wwwroot/:/data/wwwroot/ \
  nginx

It is worth noting that when nginx parses a file, if a static file is requested, the file in the nginx container will be directly returned to On the client side, if the request is for a php file, he will forward the request to php-fpm, and then php-fpm will go locally to find the php file for parsing, which is the file of the php-fpm container itself.

After running the above three service startup commands in sequence, we can build our common lnmp. However, it is a bit troublesome to run the above command every time you run the service. We can use the docker-compose command for centralized management.

To use docker-compose

you only need to create a lnmp directory, and then create docker-compose.yml in the lnmp directory and enter the following command to manage the integrated environment .
In fact, you can easily know the meaning of each command through the name of the command.

version: Since docker-compose is a developing tool, it is very likely that the instructions for each version will be different, so the applicable version of the docker-compose instructions needs to be declared at the beginning.

image: refers to the image through which the service runs.

depends_on: This specifies which software the software depends on. In fact, it also declares the order in which the software runs.

version: '2'

services:
  mysql:
    image: "mysql"
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    volumes:
      - /var/lib/mysql/:/var/lib/mysql/
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: password
      
  php-fpm:
    image: "php-fpm"
    depends_on:
      - mysql
    links:
      - mysql
    ports:
      - "9000:9000"
    volumes:
      - /data/wwwroot/:/data/wwwroot/

  nginx:
    image: "nginx"
    depends_on:
      - php-fpm
    links:
      - php-fpm
    volumes:
      - /data/wwwroot/:/data/wwwroot/
    ports:
      - "80:80"

After that, execute compose related commands in this lnmp directory to control it.

# 运行docker-compose服务
$ docker-compose up -d
# 停止服务
$ docker-compose stop
# 删除该服务相关的容器
$ docker-compose rm
# 运行已存在docker-compose的服务
$ docker-compose start

Related recommendations:

Building a PHP development environment in Docker

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