This article mainly introduces Ajax PHP JavaScript MySQL to implement a simple non-refresh online chat room, which has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it
for better use of these two days I learned the relevant knowledge of Ajax and made a simple online chat room.
Ideas
To implement a chat room, it is basically to pass data through Ajax and let PHP realize the difference in data and search, and then hand it over to the front-end JavaScript to update the page to achieve the function of instant chat.
Message display area
The message display area is a p block. After we obtain the server-side information with the help of Ajax, we use JavaScript to update the page.
<h3>消息显示区</h3>
<p id="up">
</p>
<hr />
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Send a message
The message module, to put it bluntly, is the process of inserting data into the server, which is also relatively simple.
<h3>发言栏</h3>
<p id="bottom">
<form action="./chatroom_insert.php">
<p id="chat_up">
<span>颜色</span>
<input type="color" name="color"/>
<span>表情</span>
<select name="biaoqing">
<option value="微笑地">微笑地</option>
<option value="猥琐地">猥琐地</option>
<option value="和蔼地">和蔼地</option>
<option value="目不转睛地">目不转睛地</option>
<option value="傻傻地">傻傻地</option>
</select>
<span>聊天对象</span>
<select name="receiver">
<option value="">所有的人</option>
<option value="老郭">老郭</option>
<option value="小郭">小郭</option>
<option value="大郭">大郭</option>
</select>
</p>
<p id="chat_bottom">
<textarea id="msg" name="msg" style="width:380px;height:auto;"></textarea>
<input type="button" value="发言" onclick="send()" />
发言：<span id="result"></span>
</p>
</form>
</p>Copy after login
Section
Let’s start using code to implement relevant business logic.
Message display
Our idea is that every once in a while, the client sends a request to the server and polls to obtain the latest data.
<script>
function showmessage(){
var ajax = new XMLHttpRequest();
// 从服务器获取并处理数据
ajax.onreadystatechange = function(){
if(ajax.readyState==4) {
//alert(ajax.responseText);
// 将获取到的字符串转换成实体
eval('var data = '+ajax.responseText);
// 遍历data数组，把内部的信息一个个的显示到页面上
var s = "";
for(var i = 0 ; i < data.length;i++){
data[i];
s += "("+data[i].add_time+") >>>";
s += "<p style='color:"+data[i].color+";'>";
s += data[i].sender +" 对 " + data[i].receiver +" "+ data[i].biaoqing+"说：" + data[i].msg;
s += "</p>";
}
// 开始向页面时追加信息
var showmessage = document.getElementById("up");
showmessage.innerHTML += s;
}
}
ajax.open('get','./chatroom.php');
ajax.send(null);
}
// 更新信息的执行时机
window.onload = function(){
//showmessage();
// 制作轮询,实现自动的页面更新
setInterval("showmessage()",3000);
}
</script>Copy after login
The more important thing is the use of the setInterval function to achieve interval triggering of request events.
Message sending
Regarding message sending, just send it to the server through a form. We use the latest technology of Html5 here, FormData. Generally speaking, the current mainstream modern browsers support this technology. Using FormData we can easily obtain the data of a form.
Note: FormData collects form data in the form of key-value pairs, so the corresponding form item must have a name attribute, otherwise the form will No data value could be collected for this item.
<script>
function send(){
// 向服务器差入相关的数据
var form = document.getElementsByTagName('form')[0];
var formdata = new FormData(form);
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){
if(xhr.readyState==4) {
//alert(xhr.resposneText);
document.getElementById("result").innerHTML = xhr.responseText;
setTimeout("hideresult()",2000);
}
}
xhr.open('post','./chatroom_insert.php');
xhr.send(formdata);
document.getElementById("msg").value="";
//return false;
}
// 2秒后实现提示信息的消失
function hideresult(){
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = "";
}
</script>Copy after login
It is worth pondering: the function implemented by the setTimeout function. After getting the feedback information from the server, it is updated in time behind the send button to give the user a good experience.
Optimization
After completing this, you can basically implement chat. However, the effect achieved will be very bad, mainly due to the following points.
•There is no scrolling display, you have to manually check the latest news every time.
•The data obtained contains a lot of duplicate data, which wastes traffic and makes it inconvenient to view information.
Display non-repetitive data
For displaying repetitive data, this is because we do not use the where statement, but it seems to be obtained every time All the data is gone. Just think about it, how can we get the latest data?
And different clients must be taken care of.
Hollywood Principle: Don’t come to me, I’ll come to you
This is also a lot of software A manifestation of the development philosophy is to let the customer decide what data to obtain, rather than beating the server to death with a stick. So we need to optimize the client in sending data requests.
<script>
// 记录当前获取到的id的最大值，防止获取到重复的信息
var maxId = 0;
function showmessage(){
var ajax = new XMLHttpRequest();
// 从服务器获取并处理数据
ajax.onreadystatechange = function(){
if(ajax.readyState==4) {
//alert(ajax.responseText);
// 将获取到的字符串转换成实体
eval('var data = '+ajax.responseText);
// 遍历data数组，把内部的信息一个个的显示到页面上
var s = "";
for(var i = 0 ; i < data.length;i++){
data[i];
s += "("+data[i].add_time+") >>>";
s += "<p style='color:"+data[i].color+";'>";
s += data[i].sender +" 对 " + data[i].receiver +" "+ data[i].biaoqing+"说：" + data[i].msg;
s += "</p>";
// 把已经获得的最大的记录id更新
maxId = data[i].id;
}
// 开始向页面时追加信息
var showmessage = document.getElementById("up");
showmessage.innerHTML += s;
//showmessage.scrollTop 可以实现p底部最先展示
// pnode.scrollHeight而已获得p的高度包括滚动条的高度
showmessage.scrollTop = showmessage.scrollHeight-showmessage.style.height;
}
}
ajax.open('get','./chatroom.php?maxId='+maxId);
ajax.send(null);
}
// 更新信息的执行时机
window.onload = function(){
//showmessage();
// 制作轮询,实现自动的页面更新
setInterval("showmessage()",3000);
}
</script>Copy after login
Optimizing the display
Optimizing the display interface is essential. No one can tolerate having to manually send a piece of data. View the latest news. So we need to set the p of the display area.
Add scroll bar
<style>
#up {
height:320px;
width:100%;
overflow:auto;
}
</style>Copy after login
Display the latest news every time
To put it bluntly, the p at the bottom is always displayed first.
//showmessage.scrollTop 可以实现p底部最先展示
// pnode.scrollHeight而已获得p的高度包括滚动条的高度
showmessage.scrollTop = showmessage.scrollHeight-showmessage.style.height;
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Complete code
Front-end code
Ajax 聊天室
<script>
// 记录当前获取到的id的最大值，防止获取到重复的信息
var maxId = 0;
function showmessage(){
var ajax = new XMLHttpRequest();
// 从服务器获取并处理数据
ajax.onreadystatechange = function(){
if(ajax.readyState==4) {
//alert(ajax.responseText);
// 将获取到的字符串转换成实体
eval('var data = '+ajax.responseText);
// 遍历data数组，把内部的信息一个个的显示到页面上
var s = "";
for(var i = 0 ; i < data.length;i++){
data[i];
s += "("+data[i].add_time+") >>>";
s += "<p style='color:"+data[i].color+";'>";
s += data[i].sender +" 对 " + data[i].receiver +" "+ data[i].biaoqing+"说：" + data[i].msg;
s += "</p>";
// 把已经获得的最大的记录id更新
maxId = data[i].id;
}
// 开始向页面时追加信息
var showmessage = document.getElementById("up");
showmessage.innerHTML += s;
//showmessage.scrollTop 可以实现p底部最先展示
// pnode.scrollHeight而已获得p的高度包括滚动条的高度
showmessage.scrollTop = showmessage.scrollHeight-showmessage.style.height;
}
}
ajax.open('get','./chatroom.php?maxId='+maxId);
ajax.send(null);
}
// 更新信息的执行时机
window.onload = function(){
//showmessage();
// 制作轮询,实现自动的页面更新
setInterval("showmessage()",3000);
}
</script>
消息显示区
发言栏
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Database table structure
mysql> desc message;
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(100) | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| msg | varchar(255) | NO | | NULL | |
| sender | varchar(30) | NO | | NULL | |
| receiver | varchar(30) | NO | | NULL | |
| color | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| biaoqing | varchar(10) | YES | | NULL | |
| add_time | datetime | YES | | NULL | |
+----------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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Server-side code
<?php
// 获得最新的聊天信息
$conn = mysql_connect('localhost','root','mysql');
mysql_select_db('test');
mysql_query('set names utf8');
$maxId = $_GET['maxId'];
// 防止获取重复数据，本次请求的记录结果id要大鱼上次获得的id
$sql = "select * from message where id >"."'$maxId'";
$qry = mysql_query($sql);
$info = array();
while($rst = mysql_fetch_assoc($qry)){
$info[] = $rst;
}
// 通过json格式给客户端提供数据
echo json_encode($info);
?>Copy after login
Summary and outlook
##Summary
This is the complete example. To review, today’s gains are:
•How to poll to obtain data, with the help of the setInterval function
•The data that disappears at regular intervals, with the help of the setTimeout function
•How to obtain the latest data: the client controls the sending The maxId parameter.
•How to optimize the display: overflow achieves scrolling effect; pnode.scrollTop controls the display bottom special effects
Outlook •Maybe you will find , the client sender is fixed, that’s because we don’t do user login. If the user logs in, our sender can be dynamically obtained from the Session. This can also be more consistent with people's subjective feelings.
•The interface is poorly made and there is no beautification effect. The effect should be great after adding Bootstrap.
•The mobile phone adaptation effect is not good, and the color control cannot be displayed normally on Windows Phone.
Related recommendations:
php webSoket implementation chat room sample code (source code attached)
Detailed example of how to implement a chatbot using Python Slack API
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