OpenCV cv.Mat and .txt file data reading and writing operations

This article mainly introduces the reading and writing operations of OpenCV cv.Mat and .txt file data. Now I will share it with you and give you a reference.

1. .txt file implemented in OpenCV format Reading and writing
can be implemented using cvSave and cvLoad. The format is similar to .xml/.yml. However, if you are dedicated to data reading and writing with OpenCV, it is better to use .xml/.yml file format. I prefer .yml format. , readability is great.
Use cvSave and cvLoad to read and write .txt files. The implementation method and data format are basically the same as those of .yml files.
For example: cvSave("camera_matrix.txt",camera_matrix); //Save the array header of camera_matrix and the data it refers to (a file similar to yml format)

2. Import/export others The program's .txt file data
can be implemented using conventional sprintf_s and fprintf_s, but the efficiency is relatively low. Here is a quick and easy-to-use method that uses std's steam and vector.

#include <iostream> 
#include <fstream> 
#include <iterator> 
#include <vector> 
 
using namespace std; 
 
/*---------------------------- 
 * 功能 : 将 cv::Mat 数据写入到 .txt 文件 
 *---------------------------- 
 * 函数 : WriteData 
 * 访问 : public 
 * 返回 : -1：打开文件失败；0：写入数据成功；1：矩阵为空 
 * 
 * 参数 : fileName  [in]  文件名 
 * 参数 : matData [in]  矩阵数据 
 */ 
int WriteData(string fileName, cv::Mat& matData) 
{ 
  int retVal = 0; 
 
  // 打开文件 
  ofstream outFile(fileName.c_str(), ios_base::out); //按新建或覆盖方式写入 
  if (!outFile.is_open()) 
  { 
    cout << "打开文件失败" << endl;  
    retVal = -1; 
    return (retVal); 
  } 
 
  // 检查矩阵是否为空 
  if (matData.empty()) 
  { 
    cout << "矩阵为空" << endl;  
    retVal = 1; 
    return (retVal); 
  } 
 
  // 写入数据 
  for (int r = 0; r < matData.rows; r++) 
  { 
    for (int c = 0; c < matData.cols; c++) 
    { 
      uchar data = matData.at<uchar>(r,c); //读取数据，at<type> - type 是矩阵元素的具体数据格式 
      outFile << data << "\t" ;  //每列数据用 tab 隔开 
    } 
    outFile << endl; //换行 
  } 
 
  return (retVal); 
} 
 
 
/*---------------------------- 
 * 功能 : 从 .txt 文件中读入数据，保存到 cv::Mat 矩阵 
 *   - 默认按 float 格式读入数据， 
 *   - 如果没有指定矩阵的行、列和通道数，则输出的矩阵是单通道、N 行 1 列的 
 *---------------------------- 
 * 函数 : LoadData 
 * 访问 : public 
 * 返回 : -1：打开文件失败；0：按设定的矩阵参数读取数据成功；1：按默认的矩阵参数读取数据 
 * 
 * 参数 : fileName  [in]  文件名 
 * 参数 : matData [out]  矩阵数据 
 * 参数 : matRows [in]  矩阵行数，默认为 0 
 * 参数 : matCols [in]  矩阵列数，默认为 0 
 * 参数 : matChns [in]  矩阵通道数，默认为 0 
 */ 
int LoadData(string fileName, cv::Mat& matData, int matRows = 0, int matCols = 0, int matChns = 0) 
{ 
  int retVal = 0; 
 
  // 打开文件 
  ifstream inFile(fileName.c_str(), ios_base::in); 
  if(!inFile.is_open()) 
  { 
    cout << "读取文件失败" << endl; 
    retVal = -1; 
    return (retVal); 
  } 
 
  // 载入数据 
  istream_iterator<float> begin(inFile);  //按 float 格式取文件数据流的起始指针 
  istream_iterator<float> end;     //取文件流的终止位置 
  vector<float> inData(begin,end);   //将文件数据保存至 std::vector 中 
  cv::Mat tmpMat = cv::Mat(inData);    //将数据由 std::vector 转换为 cv::Mat 
 
  // 输出到命令行窗口 
  //copy(vec.begin(),vec.end(),ostream_iterator<double>(cout,"\t"));  
 
  // 检查设定的矩阵尺寸和通道数 
  size_t dataLength = inData.size(); 
  //1.通道数 
  if (matChns == 0) 
  { 
    matChns = 1; 
  } 
  //2.行列数 
  if (matRows != 0 && matCols == 0) 
  { 
    matCols = dataLength / matChns / matRows; 
  }  
  else if (matCols != 0 && matRows == 0) 
  { 
    matRows = dataLength / matChns / matCols; 
  } 
  else if (matCols == 0 && matRows == 0) 
  { 
    matRows = dataLength / matChns; 
    matCols = 1; 
  } 
  //3.数据总长度 
  if (dataLength != (matRows * matCols * matChns)) 
  { 
    cout << "读入的数据长度 不满足 设定的矩阵尺寸与通道数要求，将按默认方式输出矩阵！" << endl; 
    retVal = 1; 
    matChns = 1; 
    matRows = dataLength; 
  }  
 
  // 将文件数据保存至输出矩阵 
  matData = tmpMat.reshape(matChns, matRows).clone(); 
   
  return (retVal); 
}

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