Methods and examples of php unit testing phpunit

This article mainly introduces the php unit test phpunit, and analyzes the basic concepts, usage methods and related precautions of the php unit test phpunit in the form of examples. Friends in need can refer to it

The details are as follows:

What is unit testing:

refers to testing the basic units in the software, such as functions, methods, etc., to check whether their return values ​​or behaviors are as expected; actual Chinese software is very complex, consisting of many components, and the execution process is coherent. To test unit fragments, you need to provide execution context (or parameters) and environment (such as piling to simulate some objects) for running, and To monitor its behavior and return value, we need to write program code to do this. Such code is called a test case. Many test cases are organically combined to form an overall test, also called a test suite. The tested Program code is called production code. The software phpunit is used to help us write test cases and conduct tests.

Unit testing of php: phpunit

has detailed tutorials on its official website. Here are some supplementary contents.

First of all, you must understand that the phpunit software itself is implemented by the PHP language. Its use is through the command line, not accessed through the browser.

It is important to understand this. Many newcomers are stuck. here. It is very basic and simple, but it seems that it has not been mentioned much

After downloading from the official website, you will get a phar file. For an introduction to the phar archive file, please refer to the previous article PHP Development Archive Format Phar File Concept and Usage

Please also download the phpunit usage documentation, install it according to the installation method inside, and then enter the following command on the command line:

phpunit --help

If it is displayed When the help message appears, the installation is successful. Create a test case as yunke.php in the current directory of the command line. The content is as follows:

<?php
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
class yunkeTest extends TestCase
{
  public function testPushAndPop()
  {
    $stack = [];
    $this->assertEquals(0, count($stack));
    array_push($stack, &#39;foo&#39;);
    $this->assertEquals(&#39;foo&#39;, $stack[count($stack) - 1]);
    $this->assertEquals(1, count($stack));
    $this->assertEquals(&#39;foo&#39;, array_pop($stack));
    $this->assertEquals(0, count($stack));
  }
}
?>

and then enter it on the command line. The following command:

phpunit yunke

displays the following content:

PHPUnit 5.7.12 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.
.                                  1 / 1 (100%)
Time: 159 ms, Memory: 7.00MB
OK (1 test, 5 assertions)

Congratulations, you have succeeded Run a unit test, the first line is the author information (Sebastian Bergmann, this guy likes to be signed)

The second line starts with a period, indicating that all tests passed successfully

You may I’m confused, what’s going on with the above php code?

That is a test case, which simply tests an array operation. Unit testing generally goes through the following four steps:

1. The test for the production code class Class is written in the class ClassTest.
2. ClassTest (usually) inherits from PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase.
3. Tests are all public methods named test*. You can also use the @test annotation in the method's documentation comment block (docblock) to mark it as a test method.
4. Within the test method, assertion methods similar to assertEquals() are used to make assertions about the match between the actual value and the expected value.

You may be confused in several places here:

1. PHP can obtain the annotations used in the comment block through reflection, and the program can use the obtained information for configuration
2 . Where does the TestCase class in the test case code in the above column come from? Hasn't it been loaded?
As mentioned above, phpunit itself is written in PHP language and is packaged into phar for use. phar is executable. When executing, first execute the stub file stub in the package

You can follow the above Yunke's other phar post introduced the method to extract and restore the phpunit.phar package, or use an IDE like phpstorm to open it directly

In .phar/stub.php you will see the stub code, the TestCase class is The command line code "phpunit yunke" required in the stub code will first run the phpunit script, start execution from the stub file, and then load the test case code

by phpunit. You can see the program The execution does not start from the test case script. Now you understand where the TestCase class comes from.

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