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Ajax cooperates with Spring to implement file upload function (graphic tutorial)

亚连

May 22, 2018 pm 03:41 PM

ajax spring document

Recently I am developing a web surface page that can upload pictures to the server. Let me share the requirements and implementation ideas with you. Friends who need it can refer to it

Due to the needs of the project, I have developed a web page that can upload pictures to the server. web form page.

1. Requirements

Web form page, you can upload pictures and other text information through the form.

2. The process of uploading pictures

I have never done this type of page before, so I have to query the information. It is found that a common practice is to first upload the image to a file directory on the server side, and the server returns the storage path of the image to the front desk; then, the front desk submits the image storage path and other form information to the server, and all form information is stored in the database.

3. Method

Due to project needs, I will introduce two methods of image uploading here. The first one is to use ajax to directly upload an image. Upload; the second is to first cut the image into smaller files at the front desk, and then use ajax to upload the images to the server respectively, and the server will splice the files. (Method 2 is suitable for uploading larger files) Below I will introduce the two methods respectively.

Method 1: Directly upload the

1 html page

<pre name="code" class="html"><!DOCTYPE html> 
<head></head> 
<body> 
<form id="uploadForm" action="/PicSubmit/form" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" onsubmit="return submit_check()" class="bootstrap-frm" >

<input id = "sid" type = "text" name="name" />

<pre name="code" class="html"><input id = "fileImage" type = "file" name="filename" />

<input id = "addressid" type = "hidden" name="address" />

<input id="ajaxsub" type="button" class="button" value="上传图片" onclick="fileUpload()<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">" /> </span>

<input type="submit" class="button" value="提交表单" /> 
<input type="reset" class="button" value="重置表单" />

这一部分需要注意的是，form表单的enctype属性必须设置为“multipart/form-data”，在Html5中，如果需要多张图片一起上传，可以在标签中，增加multiple属性，例如：。

2 js

（1）js使用ajax提供的ajaxfileupload.js库。这个库使用起来还是比较方便的，和普通的ajax函数使用方法几乎相同。首先，需要ajaxfileupload.js库文件。这里需要注意，我之前在网上下载了一个ajaxfileupload.js文件不能用，浪费了很长时间，我直接把js库文件粘贴到这里，方便分享。

// JavaScript Document

// ajax file uplaod 
jQuery.extend({ 
  createUploadIframe: function(id, uri) 
  { 
    //create frame 
    var frameId = &#39;jUploadFrame&#39; + id; 
    if(window.ActiveXObject) { 
      var io = document.createElement(&#39;<iframe id="&#39; + frameId + &#39;" name="&#39; + frameId + &#39;" />&#39;); 
      if(typeof uri== &#39;boolean&#39;){ 
        io.src = &#39;javascript:false&#39;; 
      } 
      else if(typeof uri== &#39;string&#39;){ 
        io.src = uri; 
      } 
    } 
    else { 
      var io = document.createElement(&#39;iframe&#39;); 
      io.id = frameId; 
      io.name = frameId; 
    } 
    io.style.position = &#39;absolute&#39;; 
    io.style.top = &#39;-1000px&#39;; 
    io.style.left = &#39;-1000px&#39;; 
    document.body.appendChild(io); 
    return io; 
  }, 
  createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId) 
  { 
    //create form 
    var formId = &#39;jUploadForm&#39; + id; 
    var fileId = &#39;jUploadFile&#39; + id; 
    var form = jQuery(&#39;<form action="" method="POST" name="&#39; + formId + &#39;" id="&#39; + formId + &#39;" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>&#39;); 
    var oldElement = jQuery(&#39;#&#39; + fileElementId); 
    var newElement = jQuery(oldElement).clone(); 
    jQuery(oldElement).attr(&#39;id&#39;, fileId); 
    jQuery(oldElement).before(newElement); 
    jQuery(oldElement).appendTo(form); 
    //set attributes 
    jQuery(form).css(&#39;position&#39;, &#39;absolute&#39;); 
    jQuery(form).css(&#39;top&#39;, &#39;-1200px&#39;); 
    jQuery(form).css(&#39;left&#39;, &#39;-1200px&#39;); 
    jQuery(form).appendTo(&#39;body&#39;); 
    return form; 
  }, 
  ajaxFileUpload: function(s) { 
    // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout  
    s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s); 
    var id = s.fileElementId; 
    var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId); 
    var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri); 
    var frameId = &#39;jUploadFrame&#39; + id; 
    var formId = &#39;jUploadForm&#39; + id; 
    if( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ ) 
    { 
      // Watch for a new set of requests 
      jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" ); 
    } 
    var requestDone = false; 
    // Create the request object 
    var xml = {}; 
    if( s.global ) 
    { 
      jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]); 
    } 
    var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout) 
    { 
      // Wait for a response to come back 
      var io = document.getElementById(frameId); 
      try 
      { 
        if(io.contentWindow) 
        { 
          xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null; 
          xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document; 
        }else if(io.contentDocument) 
        { 
          xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null; 
          xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document; 
        } 
      }catch(e) 
      { 
        jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 
      } 
      if( xml || isTimeout == "timeout") 
      { 
        requestDone = true; 
        var status; 
        try { 
          status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error"; 
          // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified 
          if( status != "error" ) 
          { 
            // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback) 
            var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType ); 
            if( s.success ) 
            { 
              // ifa local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data 
              s.success( data, status ); 
            }; 
            if( s.global ) 
            { 
              // Fire the global callback 
              jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] ); 
            }; 
          } else 
          { 
            jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status); 
          } 
        } catch(e) 
        { 
          status = "error"; 
          jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e); 
        }; 
        if( s.global ) 
        { 
          // The request was completed 
          jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] ); 
        }; 
        // Handle the global AJAX counter 
        if(s.global && ! --jQuery.active) 
        { 
          jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxStop"); 
        }; 
        if(s.complete) 
        { 
          s.complete(xml, status); 
        } ; 
        jQuery(io).unbind(); 
        setTimeout(function() 
        { try 
        { 
          jQuery(io).remove(); 
          jQuery(form).remove(); 
        } catch(e) 
        { 
          jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 
        } 
        }, 100); 
        xml = null; 
      }; 
    } 
    // Timeout checker 
    if( s.timeout > 0 ) 
    { 
      setTimeout(function(){ 
        if( !requestDone ) 
        { 
          // Check to see ifthe request is still happening 
          uploadCallback( "timeout" ); 
        } 
      }, s.timeout); 
    } 
    try 
    { 
      var form = jQuery(&#39;#&#39; + formId); 
      jQuery(form).attr(&#39;action&#39;, s.url); 
      jQuery(form).attr(&#39;method&#39;, &#39;POST&#39;); 
      jQuery(form).attr(&#39;target&#39;, frameId); 
      if(form.encoding) 
      { 
        form.encoding = &#39;multipart/form-data&#39;; 
      } 
      else 
      { 
        form.enctype = &#39;multipart/form-data&#39;; 
      } 
      jQuery(form).submit(); 
    } catch(e) 
    { 
      jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); 
    } 
    if(window.attachEvent){ 
      document.getElementById(frameId).attachEvent(&#39;onload&#39;, uploadCallback); 
    } 
    else{ 
      document.getElementById(frameId).addEventListener(&#39;load&#39;, uploadCallback, false); 
    } 
    return {abort: function () {}}; 
  }, 
  uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) { 
    var data = !type; 
    data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText; 
    // ifthe type is "script", eval it in global context 
    if( type == "script" ) 
    { 
      jQuery.globalEval( data ); 
    } 
    // Get the JavaScript object, ifJSON is used. 
    if( type == "json" ) 
    { 
      eval( "data = " + data ); 
    } 
    // evaluate scripts within html 
    if( type == "html" ) 
    { 
      jQuery("<p>").html(data).evalScripts(); 
    } 
    return data; 
  }, 
  handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e )   { 
    // If a local callback was specified, fire it  
    if ( s.error ) { 
      s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e ); 
    } 
    // Fire the global callback 
    if ( s.global ) { 
      (s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] ); 
    } 
  } 
});

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(2) Then call the ajaxfileupload.js library and write the image upload script, which is named ajaxfileuplaod_implement.js

<p></p><pre name="code" class="javascript">function fileUpload() {  
  var inputObject = $("#fileImage").get(0); 
  if(inputObject.value == "") 
  { 
    alert("清先选择需要上传的图片"); 
    return false; 
  } 
  $.ajaxFileUpload({  
    url: &#39;/PicSubmit/pic&#39;, //服务器端请求地址  
    secureuri: false, //是否需要安全协议，一般设置为false  
    type: &#39;post&#39;, 
    fileElementId: &#39;fileImage&#39;, //文件上传域的ID  
    dataType: &#39;text&#39;, //返回值类型 一般设置为json  
    enctype:&#39;multipart/form-data&#39;,//注意一定要有该参数  
    success: function (data, status) //服务器成功响应处理函数  
    {  
      data=decodeURI(data);//服务器端使用urlencode将中文字符编码，所以这里需要解码。这样做的目的是防止中文乱码 
      var address = JSON.parse(data); 
      for(var i=0;i<address.length;i++){ 
        ajaxfile_onSuccess(address[i]); //这里的success回调函数可以自己定义，但是有一点需要注意，就是需要把服务器返回来的图片存储路径写入

<span style="white-space:pre">              </span>//hiden标签的value值中，方法见下面的writeHide函数 
      } 
    },  
    complete: function(xmlHttpRequest)  
    {<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>//这里将html中的文件上传标签替换为新的标签，是应为我在开发过程中发现，当ajax执行一次上传操作之后，再使用file标签选择文件时，标签没有反应，

<span style="white-space:pre">   </span>//所以暂时使用了这种方法。 
      inputObject.replaceWith(&#39;<input type="file" id="fileImage" name="fileImage" />&#39;); 
    }, 
    error: function (data, status, e)//服务器响应失败处理函数 
    {  
      //alert("无法连接到服务器"); 
    }  
  })  
}

function writeHide(data){ 
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>if($("#addressid").get(0).value == "") 
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>{ 
<span style="white-space:pre">   </span>$("#addressid").get(0).value = data.newName; 
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>} 
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>else 
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>{ 
<span style="white-space:pre">   </span>$("#addressid").get(0).value = $("#addressid").get(0).value+","+data.newName; 
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span>} 
}

3 spring.

完成上面两个部分之后，前台的主要工作基本就结束了。我后台使用了spring框架。

首先是springMVC的配置文件：viewspace-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd"> 
  <!-- 静态资源 --> 
  <mvc:resources mapping="/js/**" location="/js/" /> 
  <mvc:resources mapping="/css/**" location="/css/" /> 
  <mvc:resources mapping="/image/**" location="/image/" /> 
  <!-- 扫描web包，应用Spring的注解 --> 
  <context:component-scan base-package="web"/> 
  <bean id="defaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" 
     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" /> 
  <bean id="annotationMethodHandlerAdapter" 
     class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" /> 
  <!-- 配置视图解析器，将ModelAndView及字符串解析为具体的页面 --> 
  <bean 
      class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" 
      p:viewClass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" 
      p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/" 
      p:suffix=".jsp"/>  
  <!-- 使springMVC支持图片上传 -->  
  <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">  
      <!-- 最大上传尺寸1MB --> 
      <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760"/> 
      <!-- 默认编码 --> 
      <property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8" /> 
      <!-- 上传文件的解析 --> 
      <property name="resolveLazily" value="true" /> 
  </bean> 
  <!-- SpringMVC在超出上传文件限制时,会抛出org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException --> 
   <!-- 该异常是SpringMVC在检查上传的文件信息时抛出来的,而且此时还没有进入到Controller方法中 --> 
   <bean id="exceptionResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver" > 
     <property name="exceptionMappings"> 
       <props> 
         <!-- 遇到MaxUploadSizeExceededException异常时,自动跳转到/WEB-INF/jsp/error_toobig.jsp页面 --> 
         <prop key="org.springframework.web.multipart.MaxUploadSizeExceededException">error_fileupload</prop> 
      </props> 
    </property> 
   </bean> 
</beans>

其中，类“org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver”的配置是必须的，否则后台无法收到前台传来的文件。

为了防止文件名中的中文字符传输出现问题，在web.xml中做如下配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0"> 
 <context-param> 
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> 
 </context-param> 
 <listener> 
  <listener-class> 
      org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener 
    </listener-class> 
 </listener> 
 <servlet> 
  <servlet-name>viewspace</servlet-name> 
  <servlet-class> 
      org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet 
    </servlet-class> 
 </servlet> 
 <servlet-mapping> 
  <servlet-name>viewspace</servlet-name> 
  <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
 </servlet-mapping> 
 <!-- 支持传输中文字符 --> 
 <filter>  
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
    <init-param>  
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
    </init-param>  
    <init-param>  
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
      <param-value>true</param-value>  
    </init-param>  
  </filter>  
  <filter-mapping>  
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>  
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
  </filter-mapping>  
</web-app>

Copy after login

The next thing is the key point. In the Controller, use the following method to accept the files returned by the front desk.

<pre name="code" class="java"> @RequestMapping(value="/pic") 
  @ResponseBody 
  public String submitPic(@RequestParam(value = "filename",required = false) MultipartFile[] fileImage,  
      HttpServletRequest request){ 
    if(fileImage == null){ 
      return "[]"; 
    } 
    return picSaveService.savePic(fileImage); 
  }

Copy after login

It should be noted that if the multiple attribute is used in the input tag of the front-end html, it means that the tag supports uploading multiple images. In the parameter list of the controller, the file type uses MultipartFile[]. On the contrary, if the multiple attribute is not used, it means that a picture is uploaded, and the controller uses the MultipartFile type to receive it.

<p><br> 
</p><p>文件接收完成后，就可以对文件进行存储了，方法有很多，我这里举一个例子如下：</p> 
<p></p><pre name="code" class="java">  public String savePic(MultipartFile[] fileImage){ 
    //为图片改名 
    String oldName = ""; 
    String newName = ""; 
    String extension = ""; 
    //图片按照上传时间命名 
    SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmssSSS"); 
    //存储每张图片的信息 
    List<PicConfirmData> resultList = new ArrayList<PicConfirmData>(); 
    //获取配置文件中图片的存储路径 
    String path = Parameters.getInstance().getDatabaseProps().getProperty("pic_save_dir"); 
    //依次将图片存储到path路径下 
    for(int i=0;i<fileImage.length;i++){ 
      System.out.println(fileImage[i].getOriginalFilename()); 
      oldName = fileImage[i].getOriginalFilename();     
      extension = oldName.substring(oldName.lastIndexOf(".")); 
      newName = sdf.format(new Date())+extension; 
      File target = new File(path,newName); 
      if(!target.exists()){ 
        target.mkdirs(); 
      } 
      try { 
          fileImage[i].transferTo(target); 
        } catch (IllegalStateException e) { 
          e.printStackTrace(); 
        } catch (IOException e) { 
          e.printStackTrace(); 
        } 
      //记录图片存储信息 
      PicConfirmData pic = null; 
      try { 
        //只存名称，路径已知，从而节省数据库空间 
        //pic = new PicConfirmData(URLEncoder.encode(oldName, "utf-8"), path+newName); 
        pic = new PicConfirmData(1,URLEncoder.encode(oldName, "utf-8"), newName); 
        resultList.add(pic); 
      } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { 
        e.printStackTrace(); 
      } 
    } 
    return ToolJson.getJsonFromPicConfirmData(resultList); 
  }

这里将接收到的图片的原始名称以及修改后存储使用的名称返回给前台，原始名称用于在前台页面输出“存储成功”的提示信息，修改后的名称用于给hiden标签复制，hiden标签的内容会在之后随表单中其他信息一起提交到服务端，通过hiden标签，我们就可以知道与表单关联的图片被存储在什么地方。

最后，图片上传完成后还需要提交表单，这里使用SpringMVC实现一个表单接收功能。这里名为address的参数，存储的就是图片的存储路径。

  @RequestMapping(value="/form") 
  public String submitForm(HttpServletRequest request){ 
    String sid = request.getParameter("name"); 
    String address = request.getParameter("address"); 
     
    if(sid != null && submiter != null && faultTime != null && message != null && address != null){ 
      if(formDataSaveService.saveForm(sid, submiter, message, address, faultTime)){ 
        return "ac"; 
      } 
    } 
    return "error"; 
  }

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Method 2 Cutting and uploading at the front desk (leave to add later)

<p><br> 
</p> 
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://static.jb51.net/public/res-min/markdown_views.css?v=1.0">

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The above is what I compiled for everyone. I hope it will be helpful to everyone in the future.

Ajax request binary stream for processing (ajaxAsynchronous download of file)

Implementing WebApi Ajax cross-domain request solution based on CORS

How the Django framework uses the post method of ajax (graphic tutorial)

The above is the detailed content of Ajax cooperates with Spring to implement file upload function (graphic tutorial). For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

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Recently, many netizens have asked the editor, what is the file hiberfil.sys? Can hiberfil.sys take up a lot of C drive space and be deleted? The editor can tell you that the hiberfil.sys file can be deleted. Let’s take a look at the details below. hiberfil.sys is a hidden file in the Windows system and also a system hibernation file. It is usually stored in the root directory of the C drive, and its size is equivalent to the size of the system's installed memory. This file is used when the computer is hibernated and contains the memory data of the current system so that it can be quickly restored to the previous state during recovery. Since its size is equal to the memory capacity, it may take up a larger amount of hard drive space. hiber

Use Spring Boot and Spring AI to build generative artificial intelligence applications Apr 28, 2024 am 11:46 AM

As an industry leader, Spring+AI provides leading solutions for various industries through its powerful, flexible API and advanced functions. In this topic, we will delve into the application examples of Spring+AI in various fields. Each case will show how Spring+AI meets specific needs, achieves goals, and extends these LESSONSLEARNED to a wider range of applications. I hope this topic can inspire you to understand and utilize the infinite possibilities of Spring+AI more deeply. The Spring framework has a history of more than 20 years in the field of software development, and it has been 10 years since the Spring Boot 1.0 version was released. Now, no one can dispute that Spring

Detailed explanation of log viewing command in Linux system! Mar 06, 2024 pm 03:55 PM

In Linux systems, you can use the following command to view the contents of the log file: tail command: The tail command is used to display the content at the end of the log file. It is a common command to view the latest log information. tail [option] [file name] Commonly used options include: -n: Specify the number of lines to be displayed, the default is 10 lines. -f: Monitor the file content in real time and automatically display the new content when the file is updated. Example: tail-n20logfile.txt#Display the last 20 lines of the logfile.txt file tail-flogfile.txt#Monitor the updated content of the logfile.txt file in real time head command: The head command is used to display the beginning of the log file

How to get variables from PHP method using Ajax? Mar 09, 2024 pm 05:36 PM

Using Ajax to obtain variables from PHP methods is a common scenario in web development. Through Ajax, the page can be dynamically obtained without refreshing the data. In this article, we will introduce how to use Ajax to get variables from PHP methods, and provide specific code examples. First, we need to write a PHP file to handle the Ajax request and return the required variables. Here is sample code for a simple PHP file getData.php:

Detailed explanation of the role of .ibd files in MySQL and related precautions Mar 15, 2024 am 08:00 AM

Detailed explanation of the role of .ibd files in MySQL and related precautions MySQL is a popular relational database management system, and the data in the database is stored in different files. Among them, the .ibd file is a data file in the InnoDB storage engine, used to store data and indexes in tables. This article will provide a detailed analysis of the role of the .ibd file in MySQL and provide relevant code examples to help readers better understand. 1. The role of .ibd files: storing data: .ibd files are InnoDB storage

Create and run Linux ".a" files Mar 20, 2024 pm 04:46 PM

Working with files in the Linux operating system requires the use of various commands and techniques that enable developers to efficiently create and execute files, code, programs, scripts, and other things. In the Linux environment, files with the extension ".a" have great importance as static libraries. These libraries play an important role in software development, allowing developers to efficiently manage and share common functionality across multiple programs. For effective software development in a Linux environment, it is crucial to understand how to create and run ".a" files. This article will introduce how to comprehensively install and configure the Linux ".a" file. Let's explore the definition, purpose, structure, and methods of creating and executing the Linux ".a" file. What is L

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