This time I will show you how to use Koa in Node.js to implement user authentication. What are the precautions ? Here are practical cases. Let’s take a look. .
1. Prerequisite knowledge
Token-based authentication
Koajs Chinese Documentation
Koa Framework Tutorial
2. Environment
Microsoft Visual Studio 2017 Integrated Development Environment
Node .js v8.9.4JavascriptRunning environment
##3. Start working and improve step by step
1. Create a basic static resource server and infrastructure The following is the basic code to implement a static server and a handler when token verification is abnormal. Below we will gradually add registration, login, and information functions under this basic code.const path = require('path'); // 用于处理目录路径 const Koa = require('koa'); // web开发框架 const serve = require('koa-static'); // 静态资源处理 const route = require('koa-route'); // 路由中间件 const jwt = require('jsonwebtoken'); // 用于签发、解析`token` const jwtKoa = require('koa-jwt'); // 用于路由权限控制 const koaBody = require('koa-body'); // 用于查询字符串解析到`ctx.request.query` const app = new Koa(); const website = { scheme: 'http', host: 'localhost', port: 1337, join: function () { return `${this.scheme}://${this.host}:${this.port}` } } /* jwt密钥 */ const secret = 'secret'; /* 当token验证异常时候的处理,如token过期、token错误 */ app.use((ctx, next) => { return next().catch((err) => { if (err.status === 401) { ctx.status = 401; ctx.body = { ok: false, msg: err.originalError ? err.originalError.message : err.message } } else { throw err; } }); }); /* 查询字符串解析到`ctx.request.query` */ app.use(koaBody()); /* 路由权限控制 */ // 待办事项…… /* POST /api/register 注册 */ // 待办事项…… /* GET /api/login 登录 */ // 待办事项…… /* GET /api/info 信息 */ // 待办事项…… /* 静态资源处理 */ app.use(serve(path.join(dirname, 'static'))); /* 监听服务器端口 */ app.listen(website.port, () => { console.log(`${website.join()} 服务器已经启动!`); });
Login interface, other resources do not require authentication, and the information interface requires authentication.
/* 路由权限控制 */ app.use(jwtKoa({ secret: secret }).unless({ // 设置login、register接口,可以不需要认证访问 path: [ /^\/api\/login/, /^\/api\/register/, /^((?!\/api).)*$/ // 设置除了私有接口外的其它资源,可以不需要认证访问 ] }));
/* POST /api/register 注册 */ app.use(route.post('/api/register', async (ctx, next) => { const body = ctx.request.body; /* * body = { * user : '御焱', * password : '123456' * } */ // 判断 body.user 和 body.password 格式是否正确 // 待办事项…… // 判断用户是否已经注册 // 待办事项…… // 保存到新用户到数据库中 // 待办事项…… // 是否注册成功 let 是否注册成功 = true; if (是否注册成功) { // 返回一个注册成功的JOSN数据给前端 return ctx.body = { ok: true, msg: '注册成功', token: getToken({ user: body.user, password: body.password }) } } else { // 返回一个注册失败的JOSN数据给前端 return ctx.body = { ok: false, msg: '注册失败' } } })); /* 获取一个期限为4小时的token */ function getToken(payload = {}) { return jwt.sign(payload, secret, { expiresIn: '4h' }); }
/* GET /api/login 登录 */ app.use(route.get('/api/login', async (ctx, next) => { const query = ctx.request.query; /* * query = { * user : '御焱', * password : '123456' * } */ // 判断 query.user 和 query.password 格式是否正确 // 待办事项…… // 判断是否已经注册 // 待办事项…… // 判断姓名、学号是否正确 // 待办事项…… return ctx.body = { ok: true, msg: '登录成功', token: getToken({ user: query.user, password: query.password }) } }));
/* GET /api/info 信息 */ app.use(route.get('/api/info', async (ctx, next) => { // 前端访问时会附带token在请求头 payload = getJWTPayload(ctx.headers.authorization) /* * payload = { * user : "御焱", * iat : 1524042454, * exp : 1524056854 * } */ // 根据 payload.user 查询该用户在数据库中的信息 // 待办事项…… const info = { name: '御焱', age: 10, sex: '男' } let 获取信息成功 = true; if (获取信息成功) { return ctx.body = { ok: true, msg: '获取信息成功', data: info } } else { return ctx.body = { ok: false, msg: '获取信息失败' } } })); /* 通过token获取JWT的payload部分 */ function getJWTPayload(token) { // 验证并解析JWT return jwt.verify(token.split(' ')[1], secret); }
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