This article mainly introduces detailed examples of commonly used algorithms and data structures in PHP. Interested friends can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to everyone.
The examples are as follows:
<?php
/**
* Created by PhpStorm.
* User: qishou
* Date: 15-8-2
* Time: 上午9:12
*/
header("content-type:text/html;charset=utf-8");
$arr = array(3,5,8,4,9,6,1,7,2);
echo implode(" ",$arr)."<br/>";
//---------------------------------------
// 常用排序算法
//---------------------------------------
//冒泡排序
function BubbleSort($arr){
$length = count($arr);
if($length<=1){
return $arr;
}
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
for($j=$length-1;$j>$i;$j--){
if($arr[$j]<$arr[$j-1]){
$tmp = $arr[$j];
$arr[$j] = $arr[$j-1];
$arr[$j-1] = $tmp;
}
}
}
return $arr;
}
echo '冒泡排序：';
echo implode(' ',BubbleSort($arr))."<br/>";
//快速排序
function QSort($arr){
$length = count($arr);
if($length <=1){
return $arr;
}
$pivot = $arr[0];//枢轴
$left_arr = array();
$right_arr = array();
for($i=1;$i<$length;$i++){//注意$i从1开始0是枢轴
if($arr[$i]<=$pivot){
$left_arr[] = $arr[$i];
}else{
$right_arr[] = $arr[$i];
}
}
$left_arr = QSort($left_arr);//递归排序左半部分
$right_arr = QSort($right_arr);//递归排序右半部份
return array_merge($left_arr,array($pivot),$right_arr);//合并左半部分、枢轴、右半部分
}
echo "快速排序：";
echo implode(' ',QSort($arr))."<br/>";
//选择排序(不稳定)
function SelectSort($arr){
$length = count($arr);
if($length<=1){
return $arr;
}
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
$min = $i;
for($j=$i+1;$j<$length;$j++){
if($arr[$j]<$arr[$min]){
$min = $j;
}
}
if($i != $min){
$tmp = $arr[$i];
$arr[$i] = $arr[$min];
$arr[$min] = $tmp;
}
}
return $arr;
}
echo "选择排序：";
echo implode(' ',SelectSort($arr))."<br/>";
//插入排序
function InsertSort($arr){
$length = count($arr);
if($length <=1){
return $arr;
}
for($i=1;$i<$length;$i++){
$x = $arr[$i];
$j = $i-1;
while($x<$arr[$j] && $j>=0){
$arr[$j+1] = $arr[$j];
$j--;
}
$arr[$j+1] = $x;
}
return $arr;
}
echo '插入排序：';
echo implode(' ',InsertSort($arr))."<br/>";
//---------------------------------------
// 常用查找算法
//---------------------------------------
//二分查找
function binary_search($arr,$low,$high,$key){
while($low<=$high){
$mid = intval(($low+$high)/2);
if($key == $arr[$mid]){
return $mid+1;
}elseif($key<$arr[$mid]){
$high = $mid-1;
}elseif($key>$arr[$mid]){
$low = $mid+1;
}
}
return -1;
}
$key = 6;
echo "二分查找{$key}的位置：";
echo binary_search(QSort($arr),0,8,$key);
//顺序查找
function SqSearch($arr,$key){
$length = count($arr);
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
if($key == $arr[$i]){
return $i+1;
}
}
return -1;
}
$key = 8;
echo "<br/>顺序常规查找{$key}的位置：";
echo SqSearch($arr,$key);
//---------------------------------------
// 常用数据结构
//---------------------------------------
//线性表的删除(数组实现)
function delete_array_element($arr,$pos){
$length = count($arr);
if($pos<1 || $pos>$length){
return "删除位置出错!";
}
for($i=$pos-1;$i<$length-1;$i++){
$arr[$i] = $arr[$i+1];
}
array_pop($arr);
return $arr;
}
$pos = 3;
echo "<br/>除第{$pos}位置上的元素后：";
echo implode(' ',delete_array_element($arr,$pos))."<br/>";
/**
* Class Node
* PHP模拟链表的基本操作
*/
class Node{
public $data = '';
public $next = null;
}
//初始化
function init($linkList){
$linkList->data = 0; //用来记录链表长度
$linkList->next = null;
}
//头插法创建链表
function createHead(&$linkList,$length){
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
$newNode = new Node();
$newNode->data = $i;
$newNode->next = $linkList->next;//因为PHP中对象本身就是引用所以不用再可用“&”
$linkList->next = $newNode;
$linkList->data++;
}
}
//尾插法创建链表
function createTail(&$linkList,$length){
$r = $linkList;
for($i=0;$i<$length;$i++){
$newNode = new Node();
$newNode->data = $i;
$newNode->next = $r->next;
$r->next = $newNode;
$r = $newNode;
$linkList->data++;
}
}
//在指定位置插入指定元素
function insert($linkList,$pos,$elem){
if($pos<1 && $pos>$linkList->data+1){
echo "插入位置错误！";
}
$p = $linkList;
for($i=1;$i<$pos;$i++){
$p = $p->next;
}
$newNode = new Node();
$newNode->data = $elem;
$newNode->next = $p->next;
$p->next = $newNode;
}
//删除指定位置的元素
function delete($linkList,$pos){
if($pos<1 && $pos>$linkList->data+1){
echo "位置不存在！";
}
$p = $linkList;
for($i=1;$i<$pos;$i++){
$p = $p->next;
}
$q = $p->next;
$p->next = $q->next;
unset($q);
$linkList->data--;
}
//输出链表数据
function show($linkList){
$p = $linkList->next;
while($p!=null){
echo $p->data." ";
$p = $p->next;
}
echo '<br/>';
}
$linkList = new Node();
init($linkList);//初始化
createTail($linkList,10);//尾插法创建链表
show($linkList);//打印出链表
insert($linkList,3,'a');//插入
show($linkList);
delete($linkList,3);//删除
show($linkList);
/**
* Class Stack
* 用PHP模拟顺序栈的基本操作
*/
class Stack{
//用默认值直接初始化栈了，也可用构造方法初始化栈
private $top = -1;
private $maxSize = 5;
private $stack = array();
//入栈
public function push($elem){
if($this->top >= $this->maxSize-1){
echo "栈已满！<br/>";
return;
}
$this->top++;
$this->stack[$this->top] = $elem;
}
//出栈
public function pop(){
if($this->top == -1){
echo "栈是空的！";
return ;
}
$elem = $this->stack[$this->top];
unset($this->stack[$this->top]);
$this->top--;
return $elem;
}
//打印栈
public function show(){
for($i=$this->top;$i>=0;$i--){
echo $this->stack[$i]." ";
}
echo "<br/>";
}
}
$stack = new Stack();
$stack->push(3);
$stack->push(5);
$stack->push(8);
$stack->push(7);
$stack->push(9);
$stack->push(2);
$stack->show();
$stack->pop();
$stack->pop();
$stack->pop();
$stack->show();
/**
* Class Deque
* 使用PHP实现双向队列
*/
class Deque{
private $queue = array();
public function addFirst($item){//头入队
array_unshift($this->queue,$item);
}
public function addLast($item){//尾入队
array_push($this->queue,$item);
}
public function removeFirst(){//头出队
array_shift($this->queue);
}
public function removeLast(){//尾出队
array_pop($this->queue);
}
public function show(){//打印
foreach($this->queue as $item){
echo $item." ";
}
echo "<br/>";
}
}
$deque = new Deque();
$deque->addFirst(2);
$deque->addLast(3);
$deque->addLast(4);
$deque->addFirst(5);
$deque->show();
//PHP解决约瑟夫环问题
//方法一
function joseph_ring($n,$m){
$arr = range(1,$n);
$i = 0;
while(count($arr)>1){
$i=$i+1;
$head = array_shift($arr);
if($i%$m != 0){ //如果不是则重新压入数组
array_push($arr,$head);
}
}
return $arr[0];
}
//方法二
function joseph_ring2($n,$m){
$r = 0;
for($i=2;$i<=$n;$i++){
$r = ($r+$m)%$i;
}
return $r + 1;
}
echo "<br/>".joseph_ring(60,5)."<br/>";
echo "<br/>".joseph_ring2(60,5)."<br/>";The above is the entire content of this article, I hope it will be helpful to everyone learning helps.
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