How to use DOM nodes in JS

This time I will show you how to use DOM nodes in JS. What are the precautions when using DOM nodes in JS. The following is a practical case, let’s take a look.

DOM operationIt can be said that it is very common in JS. The realization of many small functions of web pages, such as the addition and deletion of some elements, can be realized with JS. So what do we need to know in the DOM to implement some functions? Today’s article will briefly introduce you to DOM operations in JS! !

1. Nodes of DOM tree

1. DOM nodes are divided into three categories: element nodes (label nodes), attribute nodes and text nodes.

Attribute nodes and text nodes are both child nodes of element nodes. Therefore, when operating, you need to select the element node first, and then modify the attributes and text.

[View element nodes]

1. Use the getElement series method:

The specific HTML code is as follows:

##

//通过ID来查看元素属性
var li = document.getElementById("first"); 
//通过类名来查看元素属性
var lis1 = document.getElementsByClassName("cls");
//通过名字来查看元素属性
var lis2 = document.getElementsByName("name");
//通过标签名来查看元素属性
var lis3 = document.getElementsByTagName("li");

Notes:

① The ID cannot have the same name. If the ID is duplicated, only the first one can be obtained.

② When obtaining element nodes, you must wait until the DOM tree is loaded.

Two processing methods:

a. Write JS at the end of the document;

b. Write the code into the window.onload function;

③ What is obtained through the getElements series is in array format. During operation, each element must be obtained before the operation can be performed, and the array cannot be operated directly.

document.getElementsByTagName("li")[0].click = function(){}

④ In this series of methods, you can also select a DOM node first, and then select the required node from the selected DOM node:

document.getElementById("p1").getElementsByTagName("li");

[Through querySelector series methods]

① Pass in a selector name and return the first found element. Usually used to find ID:

var dq1 = document.querySelector("#id");

② Pass in a selector name and return all found elements. No matter how many are found, they will be returned in array format. This method is more versatile and can accurately find any attribute.

var dqs1 = document.querySelectorAll("#p1 li");

[View\Set Attribute Node]

1. View attribute node: .getAttribute("Attribute Name");

2. Set attribute node: .setAttribute( "Attribute name", "Attribute value");

Note: .setAttribute() may have compatibility issues in older versions of IE, so you can use the . symbol instead.

[Various ways for JS to modify CSS]

1. Use setAttribute to set class and style.

document.getElementById("first").setAttribute("class","class1");
document.getElementById("first").setAttribute("style","color:red;");

2. Use .className to add a class selector.

document.getElementById("first").className = "class1";

3. Use .style.style to directly modify a single style. Note that style names must use camelCase notation.

document.getElementById("first").style.fontSize = "18px";

4. Use .style or .style.cssText to add a serial-level style:

// IE不兼容
document.getElementById("first").style = "color:red;"; 
//所有浏览器兼容
document.getElementById("first").style.cssText = "color:red;";

[View/Set text nodes]

1. .innerHTML: Take To or set the HTML code in a node.

2. .innerText: Get or set the text in a node. HTML code cannot be set.

2. Hierarchical node operations

1. .childNodes: Get all child nodes of the current node (including element nodes and text nodes).

.children: Get all element child nodes of the current node (excluding text nodes).

2. .parentNode: Get the parent node of the current node.

3. .firstChild: Get the first child node, including text nodes such as carriage returns;

.firstElementChild: Get the first element node. Excluding text nodes;

.lastChild: Gets the last child node, including text nodes such as carriage returns;

.lastElementChild: Gets the last child node, excluding text nodes;

4. .previousSibling: Get the previous sibling node of the current node, including text nodes;

.previousElementSibling: Get the previous element sibling node of the current node;

.nextSibling: Get The next sibling node of the current node, including text nodes;

.nextElementSibling: Get the next element sibling node of the current node;

5. .attributes: Get all attribute nodes of the current node. Return array format.

[Create and add new nodes]

1. document.createElement("label name"): Create a new node and return the created new node.

Need to cooperate with .setAttribute() to set attributes for new nodes.

2. Parent node.insertBefore(new node, target node): In the parent node, insert the new node before the target node.

Parent node.appendChild (new node): Insert a new node at the end of the parent node.

3. Source node.cloneNode(true): Clone a node.

Passing in true means cloning the source node and all child nodes of the source node;

Passing in false or not, means only cloning the current node and not the child nodes.

[Delete and replace nodes]

1. Parent node.removeChild (child node): Delete the specified child node from the parent node.

2. Parent node.replaceChild(new node, old node): From the parent node, replace the old node with the new node.

I believe you have mastered the method after reading the case in this article. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!

Recommended reading:

Opening and closing the menu without JS

How to operate vue to jump from the list page through the id for details Page

The above is the detailed content of How to use DOM nodes in JS. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!