Detailed explanation of practical experience in upgrading Python 2.6 to Python 2.7

本篇文章主要介绍了详解Python 2.6 升级至 Python 2.7 的实践心得，具有一定的参考价值，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下

前言

CentOS 6.8 安装 Python 2.7.13，因为软件版本上的需求所以考虑将 Python 升级至 2.7.13，加上生产环境还是以 RHEL 6 为主，互联网自动化运维平台大多数也推荐以Python 2.7.x + CentOS 6.x 来操作，选择 Python 2 还是 Python 3 也没有定论，找到适合的搭配即可。

简单安装

因为Python 2.7.13以后版本会自动完善yum配置，所以不必参考以前的网上文章去修改其他地方

# 查看当前系统中的 Python 版本，返回 Python 2.6.6 为正常
python --version

Python 2.6.6

# 检查 CentOS 版本，返回 CentOS release 6.8 (Final) 为正常
cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.8 (Final)

# 安装所有的开发工具包
yum groupinstall -y "Development tools"
# 安装其它的必需包
yum install -y zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel

# 下载、编译和安装 Python 2.7.13
#wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz
tar zxf Python-2.7.13.tgz
cd Python-2.7.13
./configure
make && make install

# 查看新的 Python 版本，返回 Python 2.7.13 为正常
python --version

Python 2.7.13

ansible离线安装实践

这里利用了一些内网离线安装ansible的小技巧。

# Install Python
tar xf Python-2.7.13.tgz
cd Python-2.7.13
./configure
make
make install

# ImportError: No module named six.moves
tar xf six-1.10.0.tar.gz
cd six-1.10.0
python setup.py install
cd ..
# ImportError: No module named packaging.version
tar xf packaging-16.8.tar.gz
cd packaging-16.8
python setup.py install
cd ..
# ImportError: No module named pyparsing
tar xf pyparsing-2.2.0.tar.gz
cd pyparsing-2.2.0
python setup.py install
cd ..
# ImportError: No module named appdirs
tar xf appdirs-1.4.3.tar.gz
cd appdirs-1.4.3
python setup.py install
cd ..
# Install Setuptools
unzip setuptools-34.2.0.zip
cd setuptools-34.2.0
python setup.py install
cd ..
# Install pip
tar xf pip-9.0.1.tar.gz
cd pip-9.0.1
python setup.py install
cd ..

# pip 离线下载依赖包
pip install -d ~/tmp/ ansible
pip install -d ~/tmp/ ansible-cmdb

# pip 离线安装
pip install ansible --index-url=http://172.31.197.1:7000/simple/ --trusted-host=172.31.197.1
pip install ansible-cmdb --index-url=http://172.31.197.1:7000/simple/ --trusted-host=172.31.197.1

# 查看安装好的版本
[root@ansible-wangao ansible]# pip -V
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip-9.0.1-py2.7.egg (python 2.7)

[root@ansible-wangao ansible]# ansible --version
ansible 2.3.0.0
 config file = /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg
 configured module search path = Default w/o overrides
 python version = 2.7.13 (default, Apr 25 2017, 17:19:23) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-17)]

[root@ansible-wangao ansible]# ansible-cmdb --version
ansible-cmdb v1.20

# 更换豆瓣pip源
vim $HOME/.pip/pip.conf

[global]
index-url = https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/
[install]

trusted-host=pypi.doubanio.com

Windows 安装 Python 2.7.x

下载Python，如 2.7.13

https://www.python.org/downlo...

https://www.python.org/ftp/py...

安装时注意勾选环境变量Add python.exe to Path

安装python2.7.13默认自带pip版本为9.0.1

PS C:UsersAdministrator> pip -V

pip 9.0.1 from c:python27libsite-packages (python 2.7)

安装Python后升级pippython -m pip install --upgrade pip

# 更换pypi国内源，运行以下python代码会自动建立pip.ini
import os

ini="""[global]
index-url = https://pypi.doubanio.com/simple/
[install]
trusted-host=pypi.doubanio.com
"""
pippath=os.environ["USERPROFILE"]+"\\pip\\"

if not os.path.exists(pippath):
  os.mkdir(pippath)

with open(pippath+"pip.ini","w+") as f:
  f.write(ini)

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