Summary of techniques for using Angular one-way data flow

This time I will bring you a summary of the techniques for using Angular one-way data flow, and what are the precautions for using Angular one-way data flow. The following is a practical case, let's take a look.

Change Detection

In Angular, data flows from the top root node to the last leaf node, and the entire data flow is one-way. , forming a one-way tree.

Angular believes that all asynchronous operations may cause changes in the model. The event sources that cause changes in the data model are:

• Events: click, mouseover, keyup...

• Timers: setInterval, setTimeout

• XHRs: Ajax(GET, POST.. .)

Angular encapsulates Zone to intercept and track asynchronous behavior. Once asynchronous behavior is discovered, Angular will perform change detection.

Because the data flow is one-way, the data source of the component can only be passed in from the parent component, so Angular will traverse the detection component from top to bottom, as long as the parent component is detected. Continue to detect subcomponents. Compared with angularjs, the two-way and chaotic data flow direction will cause repeated change detection to be repeated many times until the data is stable, which may cause performance problems, or the data and view will be in an inconsistent state, that is, the view after the rendering process is completed cannot Reflects the actual state of the data.

Rendering Output

When a data model change is detected and the component needs to be re-rendered, Angular will run its DOM generation function, which generates a new DOM data structure corresponding to the new version of the component View.

Angular During the rendering process, template expressions are evaluated and lifecycle hooks are called throughout the component tree.

Note: The green flag will be called multiple times

From the perspective of the life call cycle (green directed line), ngAfterViewChecked indicates that the component and sub-component view output is completed. Look at the following example:

import {Component, AfterViewChecked} from '@angular/core';
import {Course} from "./course";
@Component({
 selector: 'app-root',
 template: `
 <p class="course">
  <span class="description">{{course.description}}</span>
 </p>
`})
export class AppComponent implements AfterViewChecked {
 course: Course = {
  id: 1,
  description: "Angular For Beginners"
 };

 ngAfterViewChecked() {
  this.course.description += Math.random();
 }
}

The above code will cause an error during the Angular change detection cycle. The component has completed outputting the DOM data structure, and we have also modified the data state in the ngAfterViewChecked() method of the component. This causes the data to be inconsistent with the view state after the view is rendered.

Data flows from component classes to the DOM data structures that represent them, and the act of generating these DOM data structures itself does not cause further modification of the data. But we modify data behavior in the ngAfterView life cycle. Angular's "one-way data flow" rule prohibits updating a view after a view has been composed.
This means that the process from data model to view is one-way, and the data flow cannot be changed after the view.

Summary

From the change detection process and rendering output process, it can be concluded:

One-way data flow refers to the flow of application data from the top of the component tree to the bottom of the rendering scan process to the output DOM data structure generated by the rendering process.

I believe you have mastered the method after reading the case in this article. For more exciting information, please pay attention to other related articles on the php Chinese website!

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