What PHP programmers must know about enabling access logs and enabling error logs

Preface

I originally planned to explain the logs of nginx and apache, but I personally don’t recommend apache (it’s purely a personal hobby), so I won’t introduce the logs of apache here. .

As a programmer, something a little more important than coding is log analysis and query. Common logs and setting methods are listed below.

Configuration file

nginx is divided into two types of logs: access_log and error_log

The settings need to be in nginx.conf. By default, the nginx directory should be compiled and installed through the source code package in

/usr/local/nginx

directory, if you install it through yum or other methods, and you don’t know or don’t know the specific installation directory of nginx, you can use

find / -name nginx.conf

or

nginx -V | grep prefix
-------------
nginx version: nginx/1.13.9
built by gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-16) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 1.0.2k-fips  26 Jan 2017
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module

to turn on the access log

If your source code package is installed by default, open the path as follows

vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf

Find the following content

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  logs/access.log  main;
    
    ...
}

Just open the comments from log_format to access_log. log_format can define the log specifications of nginx.

log_format default specification parameter table

Name	Annotation
$remote_addr	Client/user IP address
$time_local	Access time
$request	Request method Request address
$status	The request status code is consistent with the HTTP status code
$body_bytes_sent	The requested address size is calculated in bytes format
$http_referer	The request source, where it is accessed from
$http_user_agent	User information (browser information)
$http_x_forwarded_for	Forwarded IP address

Enable error log

If your source code package is installed by default, open the path as follows

vim /usr/local/nginx/nginx.conf

Find the following content

error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

Just delete the annotation. You can store different error types separately. For example,

error_log logs/error.log notice;

notice is the error type. If you don't write it, it will be all.

Acknowledgment

Thank you for reading this. I will write some more articles about log operation and analysis later, I hope they can help you. Thank you

The code changes, but the original intention remains the same

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