How does the Router in the php MVC framework work (with code)

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MVC Router or Dispatcher will detect the URL of the HTTP request and try to match a single URL component with the controller and the method defined in the controller, while passing all parameters into the method .

A simple router class is given below to roughly illustrate how the router works. However, in a real project, the router is much more complex than the example router below because it has to deal with more things. The

<?php

class SimpleRouter
{
    // 路由数组，存储我们定义的路由
    private $routes;

    // 这个方法用于将定义的路由加入到 $routes 数组
    function add_route($route, callback $closure)
    {
        $this->routes[$route] = $closure;
    }

    // 执行特定的路由
    function execute()
    {
        $path = $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'];

        /**
        * 检测给定路由是否被定义，
        * 或者执行默认的 '/' 首页路由。
        */
        if (array_key_exists($path, $this->route)) {
            $this->route[$path]();
        } else {
            $this->route['/]();
        }
    }
}

SimpleRouter class is a simplified model of an MVC router. Its main function is to add each user-defined route to an array and execute it. To understand how it works, copy the code below into the index.php file.

<?php

// index.php

class SimpleRouter
{
    // 路由数组，存储我们定义的路由
    private $routes;

    // 这个方法用于将定义的路由加入到 $routes 数组
    function add_route($route, callback $closure)
    {
        $this->routes[$route] = $closure;
    }

    // 执行特定的路由
    function execute()
    {
        $path = $_SERVER['PATH_INFO'];

        /**
        * 检测给定路由是否被定义，
        * 或者执行默认的 '/' 首页路由。
        */
        if (array_key_exists($path, $this->route)) {
            $this->route[$path]();
        } else {
            $this->route['/]();
        }
    }
}

/* 创建 Router 实例 */
$router = new SimpleRouter();
 
/* 添加首页闭包值路由器 */
$router->add_route('/', function(){
    echo 'Hello World';
});
 
/* 添加另一个闭包路由 */
$router->add_route('/greetings', function(){
    echo 'Greetings, my fellow men.';
});
 
/* 添加可回调函数作为路由 */
$router->add_route('/callback', 'myFunction');
 
 
/* 回调函数处理程序 */
function myFunction(){
    echo "This is a callback function named '" .  __FUNCTION__ ."'";
}

/* 执行路由 */
$router->execute();

Now go to your browser and visit the following urls:

http://localhost/index.php/
http://localhost/index.php/greetings
http://localhost/index.php/callback

For each url, you should see a different message defined in our route. So how does the router work?

In our example, the add_route method adds the path name (route) of the url to the routing array and defines the corresponding processing operation. This processing operation can be a simple function or callback function, passed in as a closure. Now when we execute the router's execute method, it will detect whether a route is matched in the current $routes array, and if so, execute this function or callback function.

If you use var_dump this $routes array, you can see the specific contents of the array. For each defined route a closure is stored associated with it.

array (size=3)
  '/' => 
    object(Closure)[2]
  '/greetings' => 
    object(Closure)[3]
  '/callback' => string 'myFunction' (length=10)

Execution processing is completed by the following lines. $this->routes[$path]** statement returns a closure, which is stored in the **\$routes array and is used to specify the execution of the route. Note the ().

$this->routes[$path]();
// 或
$this->routes['/']();

The above example simply demonstrates how the router works. For the sake of simplicity, we do not handle any errors and do not consider routing security issues.

Related recommendations:

PHP MVC framework routing study notes, mvc framework routing study notes

##PHP learning MVC framework routing

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