Table of Contents
Generator class
Generate generator
Try to instantiate the class
Try the function method
Understand the generation of php Generator
Generator iteration foreach
Generator iteration with key value foreach
Generator iteration manual iteration
Try to understand send output
Summary
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial A simple understanding of generators under PHP (code analysis)

A simple understanding of generators under PHP (code analysis)

Oct 09, 2018 pm 01:57 PM
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This article brings you a simple understanding of the generator under PHP (code analysis). It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Generator class

# http://php.net/manual/zh/class.generator.php
Generator implements Iterator {
    /* Methods */
    //获取迭代器当前值
    public mixed current ( void )
    //获取迭代器当前值
    public mixed getReturn ( void )
    //返回当前产生的键
    public mixed key ( void )
    //生成器从上一次yield处继续执行
    public void next ( void )
    //重置迭代器
    public void rewind ( void )
    //向生成器中传入一个值
    public mixed send ( mixed $value )
    //向生成器中抛入一个异常
    public mixed throw ( Throwable $exception )
    //检查迭代器是否被关闭
    public bool valid ( void )
    //迭代器序列化时执行的方法
    public void __wakeup ( void )
}
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Generate generator

Try to instantiate the class

$gen = new Generator();

# 我们发现不能直接手动实例化
# output
PHP Fatal error:  Uncaught Error: The "Generator" class is reserved for internal use and cannot be manually instantiated in /web/www/sxx_admin3/src/cache/test/amphp/gen3.php:8
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Try the function method

function gen($max)
{
    for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) {
        yield $i;
    }
}

$gen = gen(5);

# success
# 成功,我们只需要在普通函数方法里yield即可成了生成器
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Understand the generation of php Generator

In fact, each language has a generator, such as python, go, etc.

Generator iteration foreach

The code will demonstrate valid, getReturn

function gen($max)
{
    for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) {
        yield $i;
    }
    
    return $max;
}

$gen = gen(5);

foreach ($gen as $val) {
     var_dump($val);
}

//如果已经迭代完成,获取返回值
// php7 支持
// valid 判断当前迭代器是否迭代完成
// getReturn 返回迭代器的返回值
if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, &#39;7.0.0&#39;) >= 0 && !$gen->valid()) {
    var_dump($gen->getReturn());
}
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Generator iteration with key value foreach

The iterator return value can have key and value, similar to

function gen($max)
{
    for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) {
        yield $i => $i+1;
    }
    
    return $max;
}

$gen = gen(5);

//var_dump($gen->key());
//var_dump($gen->current());

foreach ($gen as $key=>$val) {
     var_dump($key . "=>" . $val);
}

# output
string(4) "0=>1"
string(4) "1=>2"
string(4) "2=>3"
string(4) "3=>4"
string(4) "4=>5"
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Generator iteration manual iteration

This code will demonstrate rewind, next , send method

function gen($max)
{
    for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) {
        // 此处的(yield $i)在php7以后版本可省略
        $res = (yield $i);
        var_dump($res);
    }

    return $max;
}

$gen = gen(10);

// 可不调用,隐式调用
// 如果迭代开始后不能再rewind(即使用了next或send后)
$gen->rewind();

// 打印获取到当前生成器的值
var_dump("1::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "1::0"

// 下面2句代码执行,将返回错误
// $gen->next();
// $gen->rewind();

//继续执行,知道遇到下一个yield
$gen->next();
var_dump("2::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "2::1"
$gen->next();
var_dump("3::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "3::2"

// send传null值等同于调用next(本方法尝试来自python的迭代器,成功)
$gen->send(null);
var_dump("4::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "4::3"

// send传值会也会继续执行
$gen->send(100);
var_dump("5::" . $gen->current()); //output: string(4) "5::4"


//如果已经迭代完成,获取返回值
// php7 支持
if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '7.0.0') >= 0 && !$gen->valid()) {
    var_dump($gen->getReturn());
}

# output:
string(4) "1::0"
NULL
string(4) "2::1"
NULL
string(4) "3::2"
NULL
string(4) "4::3"
int(100)
string(4) "5::4"

# 我们先不去理会gen里var_dump输出的NULL或int(100)
# 我们先去理解每次next后current可以获取到当前yield的值即可
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Try to understand send output

function gen($max)
{
    for ($i=0; $i<$max; $i++) {
        $res = (yield $i);
        var_dump($res);
    }

    return $max;
}

$gen = gen(10);

var_dump("1::" . $gen->current());

$gen->send(222);
var_dump("2::" . $gen->current());

$gen->send(333);
var_dump("3::" . $gen->current());

$gen->send(null);
var_dump("4::" . $gen->current());


# output:
string(4) "1::0"
int(222)
string(4) "2::1"
int(333)
string(4) "3::2"
int(444)
string(4) "4::3"

# send和next
# next() => current = yield值
# send(val) $rs = yield 表达式执行 = val; //send这样理解即可
# 在当前某个yield处时send,当前yield表达式处返回,如果没有变量接收,那么继续下一个yield处返回
$rs = (yield  somethind_to_do(...) );
 ^           |-------------------|
 |                  yield值
 |    |----------------------------|
 |               yield 表达式
yield表达式结果


# 执行顺序流程类似
$res = (yield 1);   // <- var_dump("1::" . $gen->current()); 第一步到yield返回

var_dump($res);     // <- $gen->send(222); 第二步send:222后,继续往下走$res=222 然后var_dump($res), 然后到了yield 2
$res = (yield 2);   // <- var_dump("2::" . $gen->current());  打印当前的值2

var_dump($res);     // <- $gen->send(333); 第三步send:333后,继续往下走$res=333 然后var_dump($res), 然后到了yield 3
$res = (yield 3);   // <- var_dump("3::" . $gen->current());

var_dump($res);     // <- $gen->send(null); 第二步send:null后,继续往下走$res=null 然后var_dump($res), 然后到了yield 4
$res = (yield 4);   // <- var_dump("4::" . $gen->current());
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Summary

For first introduction, we only need to understand next and send first
next-> Let us Active automatic execution of iterators
send-> allows our iterators to achieve two-way communication and change the order of the execution body process
We will introduce usage scenarios and Co automatic execution bodies later

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