What are python enumeration types? A brief introduction to python enumeration types

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1: Definition of enumeration type
2: The difference between enumeration classes and ordinary classes
1: Values ​​are immutable
2: It has the function of preventing the same label from changing the value of different labels It can be the same!

Three: Enumeration type, enumeration value, enumeration name
1: VIP.YELLOW.Value Get the value of the tag
2: VIP.BLACK.name Get the tag name
3 : The parts in the enumeration are enumeration types!

Four: Comparison between enumerations
1: Supports equality comparison and is, does not support size comparison
2: Comparison between different enumeration classes

5 : Notes on enumeration
When the values ​​of different tags are the same, the second one will be used as an alias and will be overwritten when called!
It will not be printed when traversing. The solution is:

for v in VIP.__members__.items():
        print(v)

6: Enumeration conversion
Remove the value corresponding to a certain value from the database (a = 1), Match the type of the enumeration based on the value of a

a = 1
print(VIP(a))

Seven: Others
1: IntEnum type description: The enumerations are all of int type!
2: Limit the values ​​of enumeration types to not be the same

# ----------------------------------------------#
# 定义一个枚举类型
# ----------------------------------------------#
from enum import Enum
from enum import IntEnum, unique
class VIP(Enum):
    YELLOW = 1
    GREEN = 2
    BLACK = 3
    RED = 4


class Common:
    YELLOW = 2


# 注意这里显示的是VIP.Black而不是3，枚举的意义重在标签而不是标签的值
print(VIP.BLACK)


# ----------------------------------------------------#
# 枚举类和普通类的区别
# 字典和普通类封装数据：   1：可变    2：没有防止相同标签得功能
# ----------------------------------------------------#

# VIP.GREEN = 6     # 当改变值得时候报错

Common.YELLOW = 9   # 改变类变量的值
print(Common.YELLOW)
x = Common()           # 类的实例化
print(x.YELLOW)

# ----------------------------------------------#
# 枚举类型、枚举值、枚举名称
# ----------------------------------------------#
print("Black = ", VIP.BLACK.value)  # get value of Enum

print("name = ", VIP.BLACK.name)  # get value of Name，the type of name is str

print(VIP.BLACK)        # 名字为枚举类型

print(VIP['BLACK'])

# 枚举可以被遍历
for v in VIP:
    print(v)


# ----------------------------------------------#
# 枚举之间的比较,支持等值比较，不支持大小比较
# ----------------------------------------------#

result1 = VIP.GREEN == VIP.BLACK
result2 = VIP.GREEN.value == 2    # 注意这里的结果
print(result1, result2)


class VIP1(Enum):
    YELLOW = 1
    GREEN = 2
    BLACK = 3
    RED = 4
    WRITE = 5


result3 = VIP.GREEN == VIP1.GREEN
print(result3)

# ----------------------------------------------#
# 枚举注意事项
# ----------------------------------------------#


class VIP2(Enum):
    YELLOW = 1
    GREEN = 1   # 别名
    BLACK = 3
    RED = 4


for v in VIP2:
    print(v)

for v in VIP2.__members__.items():
    print(v)

for v in VIP2.__members__:
    print(v)

# ----------------------------------------------#
# 枚举转换
# ----------------------------------------------#

a = 1
print(VIP(a))       # 可以看做是类型转换

# ----------------------------------------------#
# 枚举补充
# ----------------------------------------------#

# 1:IntEnum类型说明


class VIP3(Enum):
    YELLOW = 1
    GREEN = "str"   # 别名
    BLACK = 3
    RED = 4


class VIP4(IntEnum):
    YELLOW = 1
    # GREEN = 'str'   # 字符串报错
    BLACK = 3
    RED = 4


# 2:限制枚举类型的值不能一样
@unique
class VIP6(Enum):
    YELLOW = 1
    GREEN = 1   # 当值相同的时候会报错！
    BLACK = 3
    RED = 4

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