Example explanation of asynchronous processing under ES6

This article brings you an example explanation of asynchronous processing under ES6. It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Preface

Let’s take finding the largest file in a specified directory as an example to experience the

callback function -> Promise -> Generator -> Async

Changes in asynchronous processing methods.

API Introduction

In order to implement this function, we need to use several Nodejs APIs, so let’s briefly introduce them.

fs.readdir

The readdir method is used to read a directory and returns an array containing files and directories.

fs.stat

The parameter of the stat method is a file or directory, and it generates an object that contains specific information about the file or directory. In addition, this object also has an isFile() method that can determine whether it is a file or a directory being processed.

Idea analysis

Our basic implementation idea is:

1. Use fs.readdir to obtain the content information of the specified directory

2. Loop through the content information and use fs.stat to obtain the specific information of the file or directory

3. Save the specific information Get up

4. After all are stored, filter the file information

5. Traverse and compare to find the largest file

6. Get and return the largest file

Then let’s go directly to the code.

Callback function

var fs = require('fs');
var path = require('path');

function findLargest(dir, cb) {
    // 读取目录下的所有文件
    fs.readdir(dir, function(er, files) {
        if (er) return cb(er);

        var counter = files.length;
        var errored = false;
        var stats = [];

        files.forEach(function(file, index) {
            // 读取文件信息
            fs.stat(path.join(dir, file), function(er, stat) {

                if (errored) return;

                if (er) {
                    errored = true;
                    return cb(er);
                }

                stats[index] = stat;

                // 事先算好有多少个文件，读完 1 个文件信息，计数减 1，当为 0 时，说明读取完毕，此时执行最终的比较操作
                if (--counter == 0) {

                    var largest = stats
                        .filter(function(stat) { return stat.isFile() })
                        .reduce(function(prev, next) {
                            if (prev.size > next.size) return prev
                            return next
                        })

                    cb(null, files[stats.indexOf(largest)])
                }
            })
        })
    })
}

The usage method is:

// 查找当前目录最大的文件
findLargest('./', function(er, filename) {
    if (er) return console.error(er)
    console.log('largest file was:', filename)
});

Promise

var fs = require('fs');
var path = require('path');

var readDir = function(dir) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        fs.readdir(dir, function(err, files) {
            if (err) reject(err);
            resolve(files)
        })
    })
}

var stat = function(path) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        fs.stat(path, function(err, stat) {
            if (err) reject(err)
            resolve(stat)
        })
    })
}

function findLargest(dir) {
    return readDir(dir)
        .then(function(files) {
            let promises = files.map(file => stat(path.join(dir, file)))
            return Promise.all(promises).then(function(stats) {
                return { stats, files }
            })
        })
        .then(data => {

            let largest = data.stats
                .filter(function(stat) { return stat.isFile() })
                .reduce((prev, next) => {
                    if (prev.size > next.size) return prev
                    return next
                })

            return data.files[data.stats.indexOf(largest)]
        })

}

The usage method is:

findLargest('./')
.then(function(filename) {
    console.log('largest file was:', filename);
})
.catch(function() {
    console.log(error);
});

Generator

var fs = require('fs');
var path = require('path');

var co = require('co')

var readDir = function(dir) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        fs.readdir(dir, function(err, files) {
            if (err) reject(err);
            resolve(files)
        })
    })
}

var stat = function(path) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        fs.stat(path, function(err, stat) {
            if (err) reject(err)
            resolve(stat)
        })
    })
}

function* findLargest(dir) {
    var files = yield readDir(dir);
    var stats = yield files.map(function(file) {
        return stat(path.join(dir, file))
    })

    let largest = stats
        .filter(function(stat) { return stat.isFile() })
        .reduce((prev, next) => {
            if (prev.size > next.size) return prev
            return next
        })

    return files[stats.indexOf(largest)]

}

Usage method is:

co(findLargest, './')
.then(function(filename) {
    console.log('largest file was:', filename);
})
.catch(function() {
    console.log(error);
});

Async

var fs = require('fs');
var path = require('path');

var readDir = function(dir) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        fs.readdir(dir, function(err, files) {
            if (err) reject(err);
            resolve(files)
        })
    })
}

var stat = function(path) {
    return new Promise(function(resolve, reject) {
        fs.stat(path, function(err, stat) {
            if (err) reject(err)
            resolve(stat)
        })
    })
}

async function findLargest(dir) {
    var files = await readDir(dir);

    let promises = files.map(file => stat(path.join(dir, file)))
    var stats = await Promise.all(promises)

    let largest = stats
        .filter(function(stat) { return stat.isFile() })
        .reduce((prev, next) => {
            if (prev.size > next.size) return prev
            return next
        })

    return files[stats.indexOf(largest)]

}

Usage method is:

findLargest('./')
.then(function(filename) {
    console.log('largest file was:', filename);
})
.catch(function() {
    console.log(error);
});

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