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Python code example for reading and writing files

Oct 25, 2018 pm 05:23 PM
python

本篇文章给大家带来的内容是关于Python读写文件的代码示例,有一定的参考价值,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对你有所帮助

一.读取文件

读取文件步骤:

1.找到文件

2.打开文件

3.读取文件内容

4.关闭文件

打开方式:

r     以只读方式打开文件,文件的引用将会放在文件开头
rb    以二进制格式打开只读文件,文件的引用将会放在文件开头
r+    以读写方式打开文件,文件的引用将会放在文件开头
w     以只写方式打开文件,如果该文件已经存在,则将其内容覆盖,如果不存在则会创建文件
wb    以二进制格式打开只写文件,如果该文件已经存在,则将其内容覆盖,如果不存在则会创建文件
w+    以读写方式打开文件,如果该文件已经存在,则将其内容覆盖,如果不存在则会创建文件
a     打开一个文件用于追加,如果该文件已经存在,文件的引用将会放在文件的末尾,也就是说新的内容添加到已有内容之后。果不存在则会创建文件进行写入
a+    打开一个文件用于读写,如果该文件已经存在,文件的引用将会放在文件的末尾,也就是说新的内容添加到已有内容之后。果不存在则会创建文件进行写入

filePath = r"C:\网络安全\python\测试\文件操作\1.txt"
1.txt
123456789
987654321
# 打开文件
fp = open(filePath,"r")
# 打开二进制文件
fp = open(filePath,"rb")
# 打开指定编码格式的文件
fp = open(filePath,"rb",encoding="GBK")
# 错误处理:直接忽略
fp = open(filePath,"rb",encoding="utf-8",errors="ignore")
# 读取文件全部内容
str1 = fp.read()
print(str1)
# 123456789
# 987654321
# 读取指定字节数
str2 = fp.read(8)
print(str2)
# 12345678
# 读取一整行,包括'\n'
str3 = fp.readline()
print(str3)
# 123456789
# 读取所有行并返回列表
str4 = fp.readlines()
print(str4)
# ['123456789\n', '987654321']
# 关闭文件
fp.close()
# 读文件的简写方式
with open('1.txt',"r") as fp:
    print(fp.read())
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二.写文件

写文件步骤:

1、找到文件

2、打开文件

3、将内容写入缓冲区,此时内容没写写入文件

4、刷新缓冲区,直接把缓冲区的数据立刻写入文件
刷新缓冲区的方式:
a、程序结束
b、关闭文件
c、手动刷新
d、遇到\n
e、缓冲区满了

5、关闭文件

# 打开文件
fp = open('2.txt',"a")
# 将内容写入缓存区
fp.write("This is a test!")
# 刷新缓存区
fp.flush()
# 关闭文件
fp.close()
# 简写方式
with open('2.txt',"a") as fp:
    fp.write("hello")
    fp.close()
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