What does cpu mean in computer

In computers, cpu refers to the central processing unit, also called central processing unit, which is the unit that performs most of the processing inside the computer. It is the core and brain of the computer.

#The operating environment of this article: Windows 7 system, Dell G3 computer.

In computers, cpu refers to the central processing unit, also called central processing unit, which is the unit that performs most of the processing inside the computer. It is the core and brain of the computer.

CPU has two components:

● Control unit: fetches instructions from memory and decodes and executes them

● Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) ): Process arithmetic and logical operations

● Register: Represents the internal memory unit and is a temporary memory location; it holds binary data and stores data, instructions, counters and addresses used in ALU information processing.

●Bus: It transfers data between memory and registers. The one used to communicate with the internal cache is called the back bus; the main bus used for data transfer to and from the CPU, memory, chipset and AGP slot is called the front side bus.

In order to work properly, the CPU relies on the system clock, memory, auxiliary storage, and data and address buses.

4 steps of CPU operation

The CPU is used to receive data input, execute instructions and process data information. It communicates with input/output (I/O) devices, which send data to and receive data from the CPU.

Most CPUs process data in 4 stages: fetch, decode, execute and write back.

Fetch:

The first step in the process is to actually fetch the instruction to be processed, which involves the CPU querying the system's memory to retrieve the binary data (0s and 1s) .

Decoding:

This phase involves the CPU decoding the instruction and splitting it into parts related to each of its components (see below).

Execution:

This is where all the components of the CPU come together in unison. For example, if the instruction received is a simple mathematical equation, then the CPU will call the ALU (see below) to perform the calculation.

Writeback:

The final stage involves the CPU writing the result of the instruction (in our case the result of a simple sum) to a specific location in memory . Depending on the instruction, this result can be written to the CPU's own registers for further processing, or in some cases directly to the system's main memory. The results of certain instructions may require the CPU to change the state of data in a flags register or, in a so-called jump, to increment or decrement the program counter.

Processors on your computer

Some computers use two or more processors. They consist of independent physical CPUs placed side by side on the same board or on separate boards. Each CPU has an independent interface, independent cache, and individual paths to the system's front-side bus. Multiprocessors are ideal for intensively parallel tasks that require multitasking. Multi-core CPUs are also common, where a single chip contains multiple CPUs.

The above is the entire content of this article, I hope it will be helpful to everyone's study. For more exciting content, you can pay attention to the relevant tutorial columns of the PHP Chinese website! ! !

The above is the detailed content of What does cpu mean in computer. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!