How to set up and configure a Git server

The content of this article is to introduce how to build and configure a Git server. It has certain reference value. Friends in need can refer to it. I hope it will be helpful to you.

Install Git

Install dependencies

yum install curl-devel expat-devel gcc gcc-c++ 
yum install perl perl-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel

Compile and install Git

# 下载Git
wget https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.9.5.tar.gz

# 解压
tar zxvf git-2.9.5.tar.gz
cd git-2.9.5

# 预编译、编译、安装
make configure
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/git
make && make install

Configure environment variables

vim /etc/profile
export PATH="$PATH:/usr/local/git/bin"
source /etc/profile # 使修改立即生效

Server configuration

Create Git user

Create a git user group and user to run the git service:

groupadd git
useradd git -g git

Create certificate login

Collect the public keys of all users who need to log in. The public keys are located in the id_rsa.pub file. Put our public keys Import the keys into the /home/git/.ssh/authorized_keys file, one per line.

If there is no such file, you need to create it:

cd /home/git/
mkdir .ssh
chmod 755 .ssh
touch .ssh/authorized_keys
chmod 644 .ssh/authorized_keys

So how to generate the public key on your own client?

If it is a windows computer, you can open the Git client. If If you are using a Mac, you can open the terminal that comes with the Mac and execute the following command

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "你的邮箱"  //例如ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "xxx@gmail.com"

After the above command is executed successfully, obtain the public key through the following command

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

The terminal tool will print out the public key and copy it Public key, fill in the authorized_keys of the server

Initialize Git warehouse

First we select a directory as the Git warehouse, assuming it is/ home/gitrepo/blog, enter the command in the /home/gitrepo directory:

cd /home
mkdir gitrepo
chown git:git gitrepo/
cd gitrepo

git init --bare blog.git
# 执行完会有如下提示
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/gitrepo/blog.git/

The above command Git creates an empty warehouse. Git warehouses on the server usually end with .git. Then, change the user who owns the warehouse to git:

chown -R git:git blog.git

Clone the warehouse

git clone git@192.168.111.129:/home/gitrepo/blog.git
# 或
git clone ssh://git@192.168.111.129:22/home/gitrepo/blog.git  //版本库地址，支持ssh协议

Note: If it prompts git-upload here -pack: command not found, you can use the
command on the version server

ln -s /usr/local/git/bin/git-upload-pack /bin/

and then re-execute git clone
After successfully pulling the project, you can edit and submit it locally

touch index.php
git add index.php
git commit -a -m'提交index.php文件'
git push origin master   //推送到公共服务器

When executing the push command, if git-receive-pack: command not found error is reported, create a soft connection again

ln -s /usr/local/git/bin/git-receive-pack /bin/

Execute the push command again Can.

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