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Spring lazy-init原理的分析(代码示例)

Mar 21, 2019 am 09:51 AM
spring

本篇文章给大家带来的内容是关于Spring lazy-init原理的分析(代码示例),有一定的参考价值,有需要的朋友可以参考一下,希望对你有所帮助。

普通的bean的初始化是在容器启动初始化阶段执行的,而被lazy-init修饰的bean 则是在从容器里第一次进行context.getBean(“”)时进行触发。Spring 启动的时候会把所有bean信息(包括XML和注解)解析转化成Spring能够识别的BeanDefinition并存到Hashmap里供下面的初始化时用。接下来对每个BeanDefinition进行处理,如果是懒加载的则在容器初始化阶段不处理,其他的则在容器初始化阶段进行初始化并依赖注入。

本文我说了很多次 Spring 容器初始化bean初始化,容器的初始化有可能包括bean的初始化主要取决于该bean是否是懒加载的,特此说明怕误会 。。。:)

一.先睹为快

话不多说先写个例子看下这属性到底有什么作用,我们定义了一个叫做coffee的普通bean,代码如下:

1.普通非懒加载bean的演示

package com.test.spring;

public class Coffee {

    public Coffee() {
        System.out.println("正在初始化bean !!!调用无参构造函数");
    }
    
}
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<bean name="coffee" class="com.test.spring.Coffee"/>
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@Test
public void testLazyInit() {

    System.out.println("开始初始化Spring容器 ");
    // 非懒加载的bean会在容器初始化时进行bean的初始化,后面会拿Spring启动时的源码进行分析
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-beans.xml");
   // 非懒加载的bean 的构造函数会在这个位置打印
    System.out.println("Spring容器初始化完毕");
    
   System.out.println("开始从容器中获取Bean");

   Coffee coffee = context.getBean("coffee", Coffee.class);

   System.out.println("获取完毕  bean :" + coffee);
}
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运行结果如下:

2.非懒加载bean的演示

<bean name="coffee" class="com.test.spring.Coffee" lazy-init="true" />
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@Test
    public void testLazyInit() {

        System.out.println("开始初始化Spring容器 ");
     // 在初始化容器阶段不会对懒加载的bean进行初始化
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-beans.xml");
  
        System.out.println("Spring容器初始化完毕");

        System.out.println("开始从容器中获取Bean");
     // 在这一阶段会对懒加载的bean进行初始化
        Coffee coffee = context.getBean("coffee", Coffee.class);

        System.out.println("获取完毕  bean :" + coffee);


    }
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运行结果如下:

二,原理分析

Spring 启动时主要干俩件事 1.初始化容器 2.对bean进行初始化并依赖注入。(懒加载的bean不做第二件)

但是对于大多数bean来说,bean的初始化以及依赖注入就是在容器初始化阶段进行的,只有懒加载的bean是当应用程序第一次进行getBean时进行初始化并依赖注入。下面贴出代码看下

Spring 容器初始化代码如下就一行:

ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-beans.xml");
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public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(String[] configLocations, boolean refresh, ApplicationContext parent)
            throws BeansException {

        super(parent);
        setConfigLocations(configLocations);
        if (refresh) {
            // Spring ioc 启动入口 了解了refresh 就了解了ioc
            refresh();
        }
    }
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Spring 初始化入口 refresh(省略了部分根本次无关的代码,望理解,太长了影响阅读体验)

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
        synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
            // Prepare this context for refreshing.
            prepareRefresh();

            // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
            prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

            try {
                // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
                postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

                // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
                invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

                // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
                registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);
                // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
                // 初始化所有非 懒加载的bean!!!!
                finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

                // Last step: publish corresponding event.
                finishRefresh();
            }
 }
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第20行则是跟本次主题有关的,就是说在容器启动的时候 只处理 non-lazy-init bean,懒加载的bean在Spring启动阶段根本不做任何处理下面看下源码就明白了

点进去第20行的finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory)里头有个初始化non-lazy-init bean的函数 preInstantiateSingletons()

具体逻辑如下

1.对beanNames 集合遍历获取每个BeanDefinition

2.判断是否是懒加载的,如果不是则继续处理(non-lazy-init bean 不做处理)

3.判断是否是factorybean 如果不是则进行实例化并依赖注入

public void preInstantiateSingletons() throws BeansException {
   // 所有beanDefinition集合
   List<String> beanNames = new ArrayList<String>(this.beanDefinitionNames);
   // 触发所有非懒加载单例bean的初始化
   for (String beanName : beanNames) {
       // 获取bean 定义
      RootBeanDefinition bd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
      // 判断是否是懒加载单例bean,如果是单例的并且不是懒加载的则在Spring 容器
      if (!bd.isAbstract() && bd.isSingleton() && !bd.isLazyInit()) {
          // 判断是否是FactoryBean
         if (isFactoryBean(beanName)) {
                final FactoryBean<?> factory = (FactoryBean<?>) getBean(FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX + beanName);
                boolean isEagerInit;
                if (System.getSecurityManager() != null && factory instanceof SmartFactoryBean) {
                   isEagerInit = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Boolean>() {
                      @Override
                      public Boolean run() {
                         return ((SmartFactoryBean<?>) factory).isEagerInit();
                      }
                   }, getAccessControlContext());
                }
         }else {
             // 如果是普通bean则进行初始化依赖注入,此 getBean(beanName)接下来触发的逻辑跟
             // context.getBean("beanName") 所触发的逻辑是一样的
            getBean(beanName);
         }
      }
   }
}
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getBean() 方法是实现bean 初始化以及依赖注入的函数

 @Override
 public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {   
     return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
 }
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三,总结

对于被修饰为lazy-init的bean Spring初始化阶段不会进行init并且依赖注入,当第一次进行getBean时候进行初始化并依赖注入

对于非懒加载的bean getBean的时候会从缓存里头取 因为容器初始化阶段已经初始化了

// 容器启动初始化 会初始化并依赖注入非懒加载的bean
   ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-beans.xml");
// lazy-init bean会进行第一次初始化并依赖注入  其他的会从缓存里取
   Coffee coffee = context.getBean("coffee", Coffee.class);
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