How to design a database

Methods of database design:

Database and information system
(1 ) The database is the core and foundation of the information system. It organizes a large amount of data in the information system according to a certain model and provides the functions of storing, maintaining and retrieving data, so that the information system can obtain what it needs from the database conveniently, timely and accurately. Information.
(2) The database is the key to whether and how the various parts of the information system can be closely integrated together.
(3) Database design is an important part of the development and construction of information systems.
(4) Technologies and knowledge that database designers should possess: basic knowledge of databases and database design techniques, basic knowledge of computer science and programming methods and techniques, software engineering principles and methods, and knowledge of application fields

The process of database design (six stages)
1. Requirements analysis stage
Accurately understand and analyze user needs (including data and Processing)
It is the basis of the entire design process, and it is the most difficult and time-consuming step
2. Conceptual structure design stage
It is the key to the entire database design
By synthesizing and summarizing user needs and abstract to form a conceptual model independent of the specific DBMS
　3. Logical structure design phase
  Convert the conceptual structure into a data model supported by a certain DBMS
  Optimize it
  4. Database Physical design phase
Select a physical structure (including storage structure and access method) that is most suitable for the logical data model for the application environment
5. Database implementation phase
Use the data language, tools and host language provided by the DBMS , based on the results of logical design and physical design
Establish the database, compile and debug the application program, organize the data into the database, and conduct trial operation
6. Database operation and maintenance stage
After the database application system has been trial run It can be put into formal operation.
The database system must be continuously evaluated, adjusted and modified during its operation.
Design features:
During the design process, the design of the database and the processing of data in the database must be combined The design is closely integrated and the demand analysis, abstraction, design and implementation of these two aspects are carried out simultaneously at each stage, with mutual reference and mutual complementation to improve the two aspects of design

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