How to repair hard drive damage and how to avoid hard drive damage

How to repair a damaged hard drive: 1. Connect the damaged hard drive to power and listen to its operation; 2. Connect the damaged hard drive to a test system; 3. Connect the damaged hard drive to The information is completely copied to another intact hard drive, and then operations are performed on the cloned intact hard drive to extract the data.

##Hard drive repair

The general hard drive repair steps are mainly the following steps:

The first is to diagnose the problem

. Generally, professionals will not use software to analyze hard drive failures. Instead, they will connect the damaged hard drive to power and listen to its operation. The hard drive will emit some slight noises. Vibration or noise, if the technician thinks that the hard drive can be salvaged again, it will enter the second stage.

##SecondConnect the damaged hard disk to a test system

to see if it can start, and Whether some quantitative values ​​can be obtained and whether read and write operations can be performed, this part is mainly used to determine which part of the SRS staff is responsible for handing over the hard drive that is in urgent need of rescue.

Third Clear filter debris

. There is a filter in most 3.5-inch hard drives, and because it is installed into the drive under clean manufacturing conditions, it is very clean. If there is contact between the filter and the disk surface, the filter will be stained with some tiny particles and become discolored. After the staff removes these particles, the hard drive can continue to be used for a period of time, and the rescue process is generally It ends here.

Of course, there are rare cases when magnetic field cloning

is needed. Specifically, The information in the damaged hard drive is completely copied to another intact hard drive, and then operations are performed on the cloned intact hard drive to extract the data. Sometimes maintenance personnel will also install the damaged hard drive into a more professional machine, which can deeply detect damaged tracks. Technicians can replace those damaged parts to make the hard drive operate normally. There is an opportunity to extract data from it.

In fact, many hard disk management and maintenance software released by hard disk manufacturers have the ability to repair hard disk soft damage. For problems such as sector logic errors, even low-level formatting software can repair them. However, errors in the system information area are more difficult to repair, because many hard disk manufacturers do not understand the contents of the system information area and the read data of their own products. The command code is not public. Moreover, the system information areas of products of the same model produced by the same hard disk manufacturer may not be the same.

However, don’t be too afraid. When reading the article, you can’t help but look at the location of the hard drive. Backblaze, an online backup service provider, published a report in 2013, which showed that among the 25,000 mechanical hard drives they purchased, 5.1% of the hard drives began to fail within 18 months, and 1.4% of the hard drives began to fail within 18 months. Failures occurred one after another within ~36 months, and the failure rate soared to 11.8% after 3 years. However, the probability that it will still be intact after more than 4 years of use is 80%. Moreover, the overall median lifespan of mechanical hard drives that year was 6 years.

So, for the sake of the seemingly fragile but very precious hard drive, we must shut down the computer completely when we turn off the computer, waiting for all Wait until all the display lights go out. In addition, do not move the computer arbitrarily when the hard disk is reading and writing data. This will cause great damage to the hard disk, ranging from scratches to bad sectors, leading to data loss.

As for the reasons for hard drive damage, if you search on the Internet, you will find various bizarre reasons for damage, such as not plugging and unplugging normally during reading and writing, being bitten by a dog, and water and instant noodles seasoning being spilled on it. ,

or...struck by lightning. These reasons lead to the computer suddenly becoming sluggish and black screen when watching downloaded movies, the computer suddenly starting to take a long time to detect the disk when booting, and the computer blue screen when playing games, causing death.

Hard drive damage classification

In fact, hard drive damage can be roughly divided into two categories,

One is hard damage and the other is soft damage. Hard damage mainly includes four types: head component damage, control circuit damage, comprehensive damage and sector physical damage.

Damage to the magnetic head assembly: It mainly refers to the situation where some part of the magnetic head assembly in the hard disk is damaged, causing some or all of the magnetic heads to be unable to read and write normally. There are many reasons for damage to the magnetic head assembly. The main reasons are dirty and worn magnetic heads, deformation of the cantilever, damage to the magnetic coil, and displacement.

Control circuit damage: Mainly refers to a certain part of the circuit board on the hard drive's electronic circuit board being disconnected or Short circuit, as well as damage to some electrical components or IC chips, result in the platter not being able to spin up normally after the hard drive is powered on, and the head not being able to seek correctly after starting up.

Comprehensive damage: This part is mainly caused by some minor changes that cause various problems in the hard disk. For example, some chips may age due to heat generated during use, or the shell, disk surface, or motor spindle may undergo slight changes and displacements after being subjected to vibration. There are also some problems in the design of the hard drive itself that include heat dissipation, friction, and structure. defect. These various reasons lead to the instability of the hard disk, which often results in inexplicable data loss or logical errors. Not only does the computer become noisier, but reading and writing also begin to slow down.

Sector physical damage: Sector physical damage is also known as physical bad sectors. As the name suggests, physical damage to the disk surface occurs mainly due to collisions, head friction and other reasons, such as scratches and magnetization.

Soft damage includes: track servo information errors, system information area errors and sector logic errors.

Track servo information error: Because the servo information of a certain physical track is damaged or invalid As a result, the physical track cannot be accessed.

Error in the system information area: The system information area of ​​the hard disk cannot read the information of some modules during power-on self-test or the verification is abnormal, resulting in the hard disk being unable to enter the ready state.

Sector logic error: Because of check errors (ECC errors and CRC errors), sector flags Errors (IDNF errors), address information errors (AMNF errors), bad block mark errors (BBM) and other reasons cause this sector to fail.

When the hard disk is damaged and cannot be read, Be sure to stop reading and writing first to avoid more serious damage. If you really want the data inside, it is best to leave it to Professional data recovery company.

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