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How to write oracle stored procedures

angryTom
Release: 2020-09-05 16:30:23
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oracle存储过程的写法是【CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名(param1 in type,param2 out type)IS 变量1 类型(值范围);BEGIN select count...】。

How to write oracle stored procedures

推荐教程:oracle教程

1、存储过程的基本语法:

 CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存储过程名(param1 in type,param2 out type)
  IS
  变量1 类型(值范围);
  变量2 类型(值范围);  
  BEGIN
    select count(*) into 变量1 from 表名 where 列名=param1;
    if (判断条件) then
      select 列名 into 变量2 from 表名 where 列名=param1;
      DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('打印信息');
    Elsif (判断条件) then
      dbms_output.put_line('打印信息');
    Else
      Raise 异常名 (NO_DATA_FOUND);
    End if;
  Exception
      When others then
        Rollback;   
  END;
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2、已命名的异常:

  命名的系统异常               产生原因
  ACCESS_INTO_NULL           未定义对象
  CASE_NOT_FOUND              CASE中若未包含相应的WHEN,并且没有设置ELSE时
  COLLECTION_IS_NULL           集合元素未初始化
  CURSER_ALREDAY_OPEN          游标已经打开
  DUP_VAL_NO_INDEX              唯一索引对应的列上有重复的列
  INVALID_CUSER               在不合法的游标上操作
  INVALID_NUMBER               内嵌的SQL语句不能将字符转换为数字
  NO_DATA_FOUND               使用select into 未返回行,或应用索引表未初始化
  TOO_MANY_ROWS                执行select into 时,结果集超过一行
  ZERO_DIVIDE                  除数为0
  SUBSCRIPT_BEYOND_COUNT          元素下标超过嵌套表或VARRAY的最大值
  SUBSCRIPT_OUTSIDE_LIMIT          使用嵌套表或VARRAY时,将下标指定为负数
  VALUE_ERROR               赋值时,变量长度不足以容纳实际数量
  LOGIN_DENIED               PL/SQL应用程序连接到ORACLE数据库时,提供了不正确的用户名和密码
  NO_LOGGED_ON                 PL/SQL应用程序在没有连接ORACLE数据库的情况下访问数据 
  PROGRAM_ERROR              PL/SQL内部问题,可能需要重装数据字典& PL/SQL系统包
  ROWTYPE_MISMATCH             宿主游标变量与PL/SQL游标变量的返回类型不兼容
  SELF_IS_NULL                 使用对象类型时,在NULL对象上调用对象方法
  STORAGE_ERROR                运行PL/SQL时,超出内存空间
  SYS_INVALID_ID              无效的ROWID字符串
  TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE             ORACLE在等待资源时超时
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3、实际例子

2.1 没有参数的过程

create or replace procedure test_count 
 is 
  v_total int;
  v_date varchar(20);
 begin
    select count(*) into v_total from dual;
    select to_char(sysdate,'yyyy-mm-dd') into v_date from dual;     
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('总人数:'||v_total);   
    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('当前时间:'||v_date);  
  end;
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调用方法:

begin
    test_count;
end;
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2.2 仅带传入参数的过程

 create or replace procedure test_count1(v_id in varchar2)
       as 
       v_name varchar(100);
       begin
         select c_name into v_name from tb_store where c_stono=v_id;
         DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line(v_id||'店的名称为:'||v_name);
        exception
         when no_data_found then dbms_output.put_line('no_data_found');
       end;
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调用方法:

begin
 test_count1(11910);
end;
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2.3 仅带输出参数的过程 

create or replace procedure test_count2(v_name out varchar2)
  is
  begin
        select c_name into v_name from tb_store where c_stono='1101';
    exception
        when no_data_found then dbms_output.put_line('no_data_found');
  end;
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调用方法:

declare 
  v_name varchar(200);
  begin
    test_count2(v_name);
    dbms_output.put_line(v_name);
  end;
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2.4 带输入参数和输出参数的存储过程

  create or replace procedure test_count3(v_id in int,v_name out varchar2) 
   is 
       begin   
            select c_name into v_name from tb_store where c_stono=v_id;
            dbms_output.put_line(v_name);
    exception
             when no_data_found then dbms_output.put_line('no_data_found');
  end;
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调用方法:

  declare 
  v_name varchar(200);
  begin
    test_count3('1101',v_name);
  end;
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