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Java IO knowledge points

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Release: 2019-10-19 16:10:28
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Java IO knowledge points

1:file:文件的创建和删除;

File file=new File("D:\\word.txt");绝对路径
File file=new File("word.txt");相对路径
if(!file.exists()) { file.createNewFile();} 不存在时,创建新的
if(file.exists()) { file.delete();} 存在时,删除操作
file.length();汉字两个字节一个,字母空格数字一个字节一个,换行两个字节。(long)
file.isFile()判断是否存在
file.canRead()判断是否可以读
file.canWrite();判断是否被写入
file.getAbsolutePath()获取绝对路径
file.lastModified()最后的修改时间(long)
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2:文件输入输出流

文件txt的写入当执行流的时候文件内容会被清空,读取不会清空文件内容

FileInputStream和FileOutputStream类(读取,写入)
 File file=new File("D:\\word.txt");
FileOutputStream out=new FileOutputStream (file);//写入
byte bite[]="abcdefg牛123*?!#".getBytes();
out.write(bite);//在文件中写入相应信息
out.close();
FileInputStream in=new FileInputStream (file);//读取
byte bite2[]=new byte[1024];
int len=in.read(bite2);//从文件中读取信息。返回字节数,符号数字字母一个字节,汉字两个字节
System.out.println(new String(bite2,1,len-2));//字节数组,初始结尾输出bcdefg牛123*?
System.out.println(len);//输出16
in.close();//关闭流
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FileReader和FileWriter类(读取,写入)

File file=new File("D:\\word.txt");
FileWriter out=new FileWriter(file);//写入
String a="hellow张三\n";
out.write(a);
out.write(a);
out.close();//关闭流
FileReader in=new FileReader(file);//读取
char ch[]=new char[1024];
in.read(ch); 
System.out.println(ch);//hellow张三
//hellow张三 当输出ch[7]=三,ch[8]="";ch[9]=h;换行中间有一个空
in.close();//关闭流
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两类的区别在于FileInputStream和FileOutputStream类(读取,写入)处理字节流,很适合处理音频等文件不适合处理汉字文档,因为汉字和英文字母不同两个字节,而FileReader和FileWriter类(读取,写入)适合处理字符文本内容,不会乱码。

3:带缓存的输入,输出流

BufferedInputStream和BufferedOutputStream
BufferedInputStream(InputStream in)//32个字节缓存流
BufferedInputStream(InputStream in,int size)//size个字节缓存流
BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream out)
BufferedOutputStream(OutputStream out,int size);
BufferedWriter和BufferedReader
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 String a[]= {"张三你好","李四你好","李四你好"};
		File file=new File("D:\\word.txt");
		FileWriter out=new FileWriter(file);//写入
		BufferedWriter bufw=new BufferedWriter (out);
		for(int i=0;i<3;i )
		{
			bufw.write(a[i]);//写入
			bufw.newLine();//换行,写入一个行分隔符
		}
		bufw.close();
	 out.close();//关闭流
	 FileReader in=new FileReader(file);//读取
	 BufferedReader bufr=new BufferedReader(in);
	 String s=null;	 
	 while((s= bufr.readLine())!=null)
	 {System.out.println(s);}
	 //一定要赋值,readLine()是一种动态方法返回字符串。不可 while(bufr.readLine()=null)System.out.println(bufr.readLine());}
	 //这样就默认调用了两次函数。。。
	 bufr.close();
	 in.close();//关闭流
	 /*
	 * 输出:
	 * 张三你好
	 * 李四你好
	 * 李四你好
	 */
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4:数据输入,输出流

DateInputStream和DateOutputStream
DateInputStream(InputStream in)使用指定基础的InputStream创建
DateOutputStream(OutputStream out)
DateOutputStream三种写入字符串方法
writeBytes(String s) java 字符是双字节的,将字符的低字节内容录入。
writeChars(String s) 每个字符的两个字节内容
writeUTF(String s) 将字符按照utf编码录入
DateInputStream读取字符串
readUTF();
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