What are the basic elements of programming

Basic elements of programming:

1. Type system;

2. Function instruction system;

3. Runtime system;

4. API system;

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Type system: mainly included Memory layout, access control, etc.

The instruction system depends on the type system. The type system provides online documentation (compilation time and runtime) for the function instruction system.

The runtime system includes:

(1) Type runtime system;

(2) Dynamic dispatch system of functions;

(3) Memory Management, multi-threading (basic use of CPU and memory), exception handling, etc.;

Process: heap and stack;

api system: platform-related development interface.

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