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PHP中使用AES加密算法加密数据的例子

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Release: 2016-05-23 08:33:40
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AES加密是一个非常高级的加密了,听很多人说要破解AES加密是非常的困难了,下文小编来为各位整理一个使用AES加密算法加密数据的例子.

在研究Discuz 的时候,发现Discuz有一套相当完美的加密算法(相对而言),这个算法可以将数据加密后,储存起来,到需要用的时候,用之前加密的秘钥将之还原.

除了这个之外,还有AES这个算法能够将数据很好的加密起来,在传输过程中不容易被破解.

在PHP中,我们必须先安装好mcrypt这个模块,并且添加相应版本的扩展到php中,详情可以看 不重新编译PHP安装Mcrypt扩展

AES加密模式和填充方式有以下之中,但不是全部.

算法/模式/填充               16字节加密后数据长度      不满16字节加密后长度 
AES/CBC/NoPadding             16                          不支持 
AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding          32                          16 
AES/CBC/ISO10126Padding       32                          16 
AES/CFB/NoPadding             16                          原始数据长度 
AES/CFB/PKCS5Padding          32                          16 
AES/CFB/ISO10126Padding       32                          16 
AES/ECB/NoPadding             16                          不支持 
AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding          32                          16 
AES/ECB/ISO10126Padding       32                          16 
AES/OFB/NoPadding             16                          原始数据长度 
AES/OFB/PKCS5Padding          32                          16 
AES/OFB/ISO10126Padding       32                          16 
AES/PCBC/NoPadding            16                          不支持 
AES/PCBC/PKCS5Padding         32                          16 
AES/PCBC/ISO10126Padding      32                          16
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下面就是在PHP中使用AES对数据加密,AES-CBC 加密方案,代码如下:

<?php 
	$privateKey = "1234567812345678"; 
	$iv = "1234567812345678"; 
	$data = "Test String"; 
	//加密 
	$encrypted = mcrypt_encrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128, $privateKey, $data, MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv);   
	echo(base64_encode($encrypted)); 
	echo &#39;<br/>&#39;; 
	//解密 
	$encryptedData = base64_decode("2fbwW9+8vPId2/foafZq6Q=="); 
	$decrypted = mcrypt_decrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128, $privateKey, $encryptedData, MCRYPT_MODE_CBC, $iv); 
	echo($decrypted); 
	
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AES-ECB加密方案,代码如下:

<?php   
	//加密     
	$key = &#39;1234567890123456&#39;;     
	$content = &#39;hello&#39;;     
	$padkey = pad2Length($key,16);     
	$cipher = mcrypt_module_open(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128, &#39;&#39;, MCRYPT_MODE_ECB, &#39;&#39;);     
	$iv_size = mcrypt_enc_get_iv_size($cipher);     
	$iv = mcrypt_create_iv($iv_size, MCRYPT_RAND); #IV自动生成?     
	echo &#39;自动生成iv的长度:&#39;.strlen($iv).&#39;位:&#39;.bin2hex($iv).&#39;<br>&#39;;     
	if (mcrypt_generic_init($cipher, pad2Length($key,16), $iv) != -1)     
	{     
	   // PHP pads with NULL bytes if $content is not a multiple of the block size..     
	   $cipherText = mcrypt_generic($cipher,pad2Length($content,16) );     
	   mcrypt_generic_deinit($cipher);     
	   mcrypt_module_close($cipher);     
	      
	   // Display the result in hex.     
	   printf("128-bit encrypted result:n%snn",bin2hex($cipherText));     
	   print("<br />");     
	      
	}     
	//解密     
	$mw = bin2hex($cipherText);     
	$td = mcrypt_module_open(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128, &#39;&#39;, MCRYPT_MODE_ECB, &#39;&#39;);     
	if (mcrypt_generic_init($td, $padkey, $iv) != -1)     
	{     
	   $p_t = mdecrypt_generic($td, hexToStr($mw));     
	   mcrypt_generic_deinit($td);     
	   mcrypt_module_close($td);     
	      
	   $p_t = trimEnd($p_t);     
	   echo &#39;解密:&#39;;     
	   print($p_t);     
	   print("<br />");     
	   print(bin2hex($p_t));     
	   echo &#39;<br><br>&#39;;     
	}     
	//将$text补足$padlen倍数的长度     
	function pad2Length($text, $padlen){     
	   $len = strlen($text)%$padlen;     
	   $res = $text;     
	   $span = $padlen-$len;     
	   for($i=0; $i<$span; $i++){     
	       $res .= chr($span);     
	   }     
	   return $res;     
	}     
	//将解密后多余的长度去掉(因为在加密的时候 补充长度满足block_size的长度)     
	function trimEnd($text){     
	   $len = strlen($text);     
	   $c = $text[$len-1];     
	   if(ord($c) <$len){     
	       for($i=$len-ord($c); $i<$len; $i++){     
	           if($text[$i] != $c){     
	               return $text;     
	           }     
	       }     
	       return substr($text, 0, $len-ord($c));     
	   }      
	   return $text;     
	}     
	//16进制的转为2进制字符串     
	function hexToStr($hex)     
	{     
	   $bin="";     
	   for($i=0; $i<strlen($hex)-1; $i+=2)     
	   {     
	       $bin.=chr(hexdec($hex[$i].$hex[$i+1]));     
	   }     
	   return $bin;     
	}  
	
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AES-ECB加密方案,代码如下:

<?php         
	$key = &#39;1234567890123456&#39;;     
	$key = pad2Length($key,16);     
	$iv = &#39;asdff&#39;;     
	$content = &#39;hello&#39;;     
	$content = pad2Length($content,16);     
	$AESed =  bin2hex( mcrypt_encrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128,$key,$content,MCRYPT_MODE_ECB,$iv) ); #加密     
	echo "128-bit encrypted result:".$AESed.&#39;<br>&#39;;     
	$jiemi = mcrypt_decrypt(MCRYPT_RIJNDAEL_128,$key,hexToStr($AESed),MCRYPT_MODE_ECB,$iv); #解密     
	echo &#39;解密:&#39;;     
	echo trimEnd($jiemi);       
	
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以上只是我列出的简单的3种加密方法,事实上还有很多中方法,需要我们不断的学习,密码学的道路还任重而道远.


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