Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial Introduction to initialization and assignment of PHP variables

Introduction to initialization and assignment of PHP variables

Nov 14, 2019 pm 02:44 PM
php

什么是变量

变量通俗的来说是一种容器。根据变量类型不同,容器的大小不一样,自然能存放的数据大小也不相同。在变量中存放的数据,我们称之为变量值。

PHP 中的变量用一个美元符号后面跟变量名来表示。变量名是区分大小写的。在PHP中变量的命名规则通常是以字母或下划线开头,由字母、数字、下划线组成。变量名通常由声明变量所代表意义的英文单词组成。单词与单词之间通过_分隔,或者第一个单词首字母小写,之后每个单词首字母大写。这种命名方式我们称之为驼峰命名法。良好的命名规范有助于提高我们代码的可读性。

<?php
    $name = &#39;屋脊猫&#39;;
    $_age = 1;
    $sex = &#39;男&#39;;        
    echo "姓名:{$name},年龄:{$_age}, 性别:{$sex}";
    $1sex = &#39;男&#39;;  // 错误,不能以数字开头
?>
Copy after login

变量的初始化

变量的初始化是给变量设置一个默认值(或者是需要的值),初始化的过程中PHP会给变量分配存储空间以及将变量值所在存储空间地址保存在变量中。

<?php
    $a = 1; // 初始化一个整形变量
?>
Copy after login

虽然在PHP中不需要初始化变量,但对变量进行初始化是个好习惯。未初始化的变量具有其类型的默认值

● 布尔类型的变量默认值是 FALSE

● 整形和浮点型变量默认值是零

● 字符串型变量(例如用于 echo 中)默认值是空字符串

● 数组变量的默认值是空数组

使用未初始化的变量会发出 E_NOTICE错误,但是在向一个未初始化的数组附加单元时不会。

依赖未初始化的变量的默认值在某些情况下会有问题,比如在之后的编码中我们需要经常的将一个文件通过include包含到当前文件,如果两个文件中有相同的变量名,此时的变量值则不是我们需要的默认值了。另外在PHP 5.4.0之前的版本中把 register_globals打开是一个主要的安全隐患。在PHP 5.4.0之后该配置已被移除。

变量的赋值方式

在PHP中有两种传值方式,分别为传值赋值和引用赋值。

1.传值赋值

传值赋值是PHP中默认的传值方式。那也就是说,当将一个表达式的值赋予一个变量时,整个原始表达式的值被赋值到目标变量。这意味着,当一个变量的值赋予另外一个变量时,改变其中一个变量的值,将不会影响到另外一个变量。如:

<?php
    $var1 = 1;
    $var2 = $var1;
    $var1 = 3;
    echo $var1;     // 3
    echo $var2;     // 1
?>
Copy after login

2.引用赋值

引用赋值意味着新的变量简单的引用了原始的变量,改变了新的变量的值将影响到原始的变量的值,反之亦然。使用引用赋值,只需简单地将一个 & 符号加到将要赋值的变量前(源变量)如:

<?php
    $oldVar = 1;
    $newVar = &$oldVar;
    $newVar = 2;
    echo $oldVar;   // 2
    echo $newVar;   // 2
?>
Copy after login

&符在C语言中称之为取地址符,变量保存了变量值在内存中的存储地址,通过取地址符可以将一个变量保存的变量值的地址赋值给另一个变量。两个变量的值指向了同一个内存地址,所以当我们修改其中一个变量的值时,另一个变量的值自然而然的随之被改变。

有一点重要事项必须指出,那就是只有有名字的变量才可以引用赋值。

<?php
    $foo = 25;
    $bar = &$foo;      // 合法的赋值
    $bar = &(24 * 7);  // 非法; 引用没有名字的表达式
?>
Copy after login

在(24*7)这个表达式中因为没有保存在变量中,所以没有明确的内存地址,通过取地址符去获取在内存中存储的地址是不可取的。

The above is the detailed content of Introduction to initialization and assignment of PHP variables. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles