Basic usage of Java Map
##Java Map Interface (Recommended learning: java course)
java.util.Map interface lookup table
Map 体现的结构是一个多行两列的表格,左列称为key 右列称为value. Map 总是根据key来获取对应的value.因此保存数据时是成对保存的,并且应当将查询的数据作为value查询条件作为key进行保存. Map要求key 不允许重复(equals 比较判定)
Commonly used implementation classes
java.util.HashMap, hash table , Hash tableThe fastest data structure to queryBasic usage
public class MapDemo{ public static void main(String[] args){ Map<String,Integer>map = new HashMap<>(); /* * V put(K k,V v) * 将给定的key-value对存入Map * 由于Map要求key不允许重复,所以若 * 使用重复的key存储则是替换value操作 * 那么返回值就是该key原来对应的value * 若给定的key不存在则返回值为null. */ map.put("攻击",60); Integer value=map.put("攻速",8); System.out.println(value); // null value=map.put("攻速",6); System.out.println(value); // 8 /* * V get(Object key) * 根据给定的key获取对应的value * 若给定的key不存在则返回值为null */ value =map.get("攻击"); System.out.println(value);//60 /* * V remove(Object key) * 删除当前Map中给定的key所对应的键值对 * 返回值为该key对应的value */ value = map.remove("攻击"); System.out.println(map); System.out.println(value); /* * int size() * 返回Map中的元素个数 */ int size = map.size(); System.out.println(size); /* * 判断当前Map是否包含给定的key或value */ boolean ck = map.containsKey("攻速"); System.out.println("包含key:"+ck); boolean cv = map.containsValue(96); System.out.println("包含value:"+cv); } }
Map traversal
import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; import java.util.Set; /** * Map的遍历 Map提供了三种遍历方式: 1:遍历所有的key 2:遍历每一组键值对 3:遍历所有的value(相对不常用) * */ public class MapDemo2 { public static void main(String[] args) { Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("语文", 99); map.put("数学", 98); map.put("英语", 97); map.put("物理", 96); map.put("化学", 99); System.out.println(map); /* * 遍历所有的key * Set keySet() * 将当前Map中所有的key以一个Set集合 * 形式返回.遍历该集合等同于遍历了所有 * 的key */ Set<String> keySet = map.keySet(); for(String key : keySet) { System.out.println("key:"+key); } /* * 遍历每一组键值对 * Set entrySet() * 将当前Map中每一组键值对以一个Entry实例 * 存入Set集合并返回. * * java.util.Map.Entry * Entry的每一个实例用于表示Map中的一组 * 键值对 */ Set<Entry<String,Integer>> entrySet = map.entrySet(); for(Entry<String,Integer> e:entrySet) { String key = e.getKey(); Integer value = e.getValue(); System.out.println(key+":"+value); } } }
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