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Basic usage of Java Map

Nov 23, 2019 pm 05:14 PM
java

Basic usage of Java Map

##Java Map Interface                 (Recommended learning: java course)

Basic usage of Java Map

java.util.Map interface lookup table

Map 体现的结构是一个多行两列的表格,左列称为key
右列称为value.
Map 总是根据key来获取对应的value.因此保存数据时是成对保存的,并且应当将查询的数据作为value查询条件作为key进行保存.
Map要求key 不允许重复(equals 比较判定)
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Commonly used implementation classes

java.util.HashMap, hash table , Hash table

The fastest data structure to query

Basic usage

public class MapDemo{
	public static void main(String[] args){
		Map<String,Integer>map = new HashMap<>();
		/*
		 * V put(K k,V v)
		 * 将给定的key-value对存入Map
		 * 由于Map要求key不允许重复,所以若
		 * 使用重复的key存储则是替换value操作
		 * 那么返回值就是该key原来对应的value
		 * 若给定的key不存在则返回值为null.
		 */
		map.put("攻击",60);
		Integer value=map.put("攻速",8);
		System.out.println(value); // null
		value=map.put("攻速",6);
		System.out.println(value); // 8 
		/*
		 * V get(Object key)
		 * 根据给定的key获取对应的value
		 * 若给定的key不存在则返回值为null
		 */
		value =map.get("攻击");
		System.out.println(value);//60
		/*
		 * V remove(Object key)
		 * 删除当前Map中给定的key所对应的键值对
		 * 返回值为该key对应的value
		 */
		value = map.remove("攻击");
		System.out.println(map);
		System.out.println(value);
		/*
		 * int size()
		 * 返回Map中的元素个数
		 */
		int size = map.size();
		System.out.println(size);
		/*
		 * 判断当前Map是否包含给定的key或value
		 */
		boolean ck = map.containsKey("攻速");
		System.out.println("包含key:"+ck);
		boolean cv = map.containsValue(96);
		System.out.println("包含value:"+cv);
	}
}
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Map traversal

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;

/**
 * Map的遍历 Map提供了三种遍历方式: 1:遍历所有的key 2:遍历每一组键值对 3:遍历所有的value(相对不常用)
 *
 */
public class MapDemo2 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Map<String, Integer> map 
						= new HashMap<>();
		map.put("语文", 99);
		map.put("数学", 98);
		map.put("英语", 97);
		map.put("物理", 96);
		map.put("化学", 99);
		System.out.println(map);
		
		/*
		 * 遍历所有的key
		 * Set keySet()
		 * 将当前Map中所有的key以一个Set集合
		 * 形式返回.遍历该集合等同于遍历了所有
		 * 的key
		 */
		Set<String> keySet = map.keySet();
		for(String key : keySet) {
			System.out.println("key:"+key);
		}
		
		/*
		 * 遍历每一组键值对
		 * Set entrySet()
		 * 将当前Map中每一组键值对以一个Entry实例
		 * 存入Set集合并返回.
		 * 
		 * java.util.Map.Entry
		 * Entry的每一个实例用于表示Map中的一组
		 * 键值对
		 */
		Set<Entry<String,Integer>> entrySet 
						= map.entrySet();		
		for(Entry<String,Integer> e:entrySet) {
			String key = e.getKey();
			Integer value = e.getValue();
			System.out.println(key+":"+value);
		}
	}
}
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