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php 三大特点:封装,继承,多态_php技巧

May 23, 2016 pm 04:38 PM
php Polymorphism encapsulation inherit

本文主要介绍了php 三大特点:封装,继承,多态。具有很好的参考价值,下面跟着小编一起来看下吧

一.封装

目的:让类更安全

做法:成员变量变为私有的,通过方法间接操作成员变量,在方法里面加限制条件

二.继承

概念:子类可以继承父类的一切

方法重写:在子类里面对父类进行方法重写

特点:单继承:一个子类可以有多个父类,一个父类可以派生出多个子类

override:方法重写

overload:重载,编辑多态

三.多态(运行多态)

概念:父类引用子类实例,由于子类里面对父类的方法进行重写,父类引用在调用该方法的时候表现出的不同状态

条件:

1必须发生在集成下

2必须重写父类方法

3父类引用调用方法

如果一个方法需要一个父类参数,可以给一个子类对象

静态

普通成员

普通成员是属于对象的

静态成员

静态成员属于类的

关键字:static

self关键字:在类里面代表该类

在静态方法里面不能调用普通成员

在普通方法里面能够调用静态成员

接口

极度抽象的类

接口里面不能包含成员变量,只能包含成员方法

成员方法可以没有函数体

接口关键字:interface

实现接口的类,必须实现接口里面的所有方法

加载类:

include("./Ren.class.php");
include "./Ren.class.php";
require("./Ren.class.php");
require "./Ren.class.php";
require_once("./Ren.class.php");
require_once "./Ren.class.php";
Copy after login

自动加载类的方法

所有的类文件要放在同一个目录下

所有类文件的命名规则一致

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