Why is swoole faster than fpm?

PHP-FPM

Early versions of PHP did not have a built-in WEB server, but provided SAPI (Server API) to third parties Do docking. The now very popular php-fpm handles the communication between PHP and third-party WEB servers through the FastCGI protocol. (Recommended learning: swoole video tutorial)

For example, the combination of Nginx php-fpm. The fpm running in this way is Master/Worker mode. A Master process is started to monitor requests from Nginx. Then fork multiple Worker processes to handle the request. Each Worker process can only handle one request. The life cycle of a single process is roughly as follows:

Initialization module.

Initialization request. The request here means requesting PHP to execute code, not an HTTP request.

Execute PHP script.

End the request.

Close the module.

Swoole

Swoole also adopts the Master/Worker mode. The difference is that the Master process has multiple Reactor threads. The Master is just an event generator, responsible for monitoring Socket handles. changes in events.

Worker runs in a multi-process manner, receives requests from Reactor threads, and executes callback functions (written in PHP). The process of starting the Master process is roughly:

Initialization module.

Initialization request. Because swoole needs to be run through the cli, PHP's global variables, such as $_SERVER, $_POST, $_GET, etc., will not be initialized when the request is initialized.

Execute PHP script. Including lexical and syntactic analysis, initialization of variables, functions, classes, etc., the Master enters the listening state and will not end the process.

The principle of Swoole acceleration

The Reactor (epoll's IO reuse method) is responsible for monitoring the event changes of the Socket handle to solve the problem of high concurrency.

Save the time of PHP code initialization through memory resident. When using bulky frameworks, the acceleration effect of using swoole is very obvious.

The above is the detailed content of Why is swoole faster than fpm?. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!