Detailed explanation of the configuration method of nginx hiding index.php and enabling pathinfo mode

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Release: 2020-01-31 18:58:10
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Detailed explanation of the configuration method of nginx hiding index.php and enabling pathinfo mode

nginx 通过 location 的规则匹配将 php 转发给 php-fpm 处理后获取结果然后返回给客户端,转发模式可以通过 unix sock 或 tcp socket 方式。

相关推荐:《Nginx教程

百度了好多文章我是没遇到一个能完整的而且正确的把 nginx 和 php 结合的配置讲述的较为正确的,这里总结了下最基本的 nginx + php 的模式配置,以及隐藏 index.php 和 开启 pathinfo 模式的方法。

个人觉得是可以复制粘贴配置你的生产环境的,总结了很多好的博文的要点,比如隐藏 index.php 的 location 规则用的是 try_files 而不是烂大街的 if (! -e $uri) {},http 服务器级配置文件 和 虚拟主机配置文件也很好的分割开了,方便维护。

nginx 配置分两大层,基础的全局 http 配置 和 与主机相对应的 server 配置。

http 配置

nginx.conf
# nginx main configure
user  www www;
worker_processes auto;
error_log  /var/log/error.log  crit;
pid        /var/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 2048;
events
{
    use epoll;
    worker_connections 2048;
    multi_accept on;
}
http
{
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
    server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
    client_header_buffer_size 32k;
    large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
    client_max_body_size 50m;
    sendfile   on;
    tcp_nopush on;
    keepalive_timeout 60;
    tcp_nodelay on;
    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length  1k;
    gzip_buffers     4 16k;
    gzip_http_version 1.1;
    gzip_comp_level 2;
    gzip_types     text/plain application/javascript application/x-javascript text/javascript text/css application/xml application/xml+rss;
    gzip_vary on;
    gzip_proxied   expired no-cache no-store private auth;
    gzip_disable   "MSIE [1-6]\.";
    #limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=perip:10m;
    ##If enable limit_conn_zone,add "limit_conn perip 10;" to server section.
    server_tokens off;
    access_log off;
 
    # http 配置
    include vhost/*.conf;
}
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nginx http 的主配置文件,这里面包含了用户组,日志,处理类型,压缩传输,并发数等参数配置。我们并没有在这里配置 server,而是将所有的 server 放置到 vhost 文件中,清晰的管理我们的 server 虚拟主机配置。我们可以将不同 server 服务器单独配置为 conf 文件。

server 配置

比如我们配置一虚拟主机 default

vhost/default.conf
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这里面参数配置包括:隐藏 index.php,开启php处理或开启php pathinfo模式,单独处理静态资源

注意:

如果你想开启 pathinfo 模式只需要将 enable-php.conf 改为 enable-php-pathinfo.conf 即可,二者选其一

server
{
    listen 80;
    #listen [::]:80;
    server_name www.default.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /var/www/default;
    #error_page   404   /404.html;
    #hide index.php
    location / {
        # yii2 框架的 /site/index?name=sallency&age=25 模式的 rewrite 方法
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php$is_args$args;
        # tp 框架的 /site/index/name/sallency/age/25 模式的 rewrite 方法
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php/$uri;
        # 虽然 if 不规范但 rewrite 还是很方便的 可以兼容 yii2 和 tp 的 pathinfo 模式
        if (!-e $request_filename){
           rewrite ^/(.*)$ /index.php/$1 last;
           break;
        }
    }
    #handler php request
    include enable-php.conf;
    #php with pathinfo
    #include enable-php-pathinfo.conf;
    #handler static resource
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
        expires      30d;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
        expires      12h;
    }
    
    #forbidden access . type
    location ~ /\.
    {
        deny all;
    }
    access_log  /var/log/nginx/default_access.log
}
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配置 php

enable-php.conf
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开启此配置便可以让 nginx 处理 php 文件,需要注意的是 fastcig_pass 的模式有两种:

unix socket:不走网卡 效率高但不稳定

tcp socket:127.0.0.1:9000 相比 unix socket 会慢一点点,但稳定性高出很多

此处的模式和配置选择应与 php-fpm.conf 中的 listen 参数保持一致:

listen = /tmp/php-cgi.sock
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
        location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$)
        {
            try_files $uri =404;
            
            #listen unix socket
            #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
            #listen tcp socket
            fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi.conf;
        }
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配置 pathinfo 模式

enable-php-pathinfo.conf
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此配置文件为 enable-php.conf 的增强版-- 开启 pathinfo 模式,流行的 php 框架都支持此模式

        location ~ [^/]\.php(/|$)
        {
            #listen unix socket
            #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
            #listen tcp socket
            fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index index.php;
            include fastcgi.conf;
            #pathinfo
            fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
            set $path_info $fastcgi_path_info;
            fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info;
            try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
        }
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fastcgi.conf

这个配置文件其实是 nginx 自带的,我贴一下

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_SCHEME     $scheme;
fastcgi_param  HTTPS              $https if_not_empty;
fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx/$nginx_version;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;
# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;
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配置完成,注意因为所有的配置文件都是由 nginx.conf 这个主配置文件作为入口进行加载的,所以活动目录始终是在 nginx.conf 所在的目录,所以配置文件中的 include 的当前路径是 nginx.conf 所在的目录,配置完成后重启 nginx service 的同时记得重启 php-fpm 服务

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