What does $ mean in assembly language?
"$" is a predefined symbol in assembly language, which is equivalent to the current offset value of the segment currently being assembled. "$" can be used in expressions and can be used anywhere in an expression.
Assembly language is a low-level language used for electronic computers, microprocessors, microcontrollers or other programmable devices. It is also called a symbolic language.
In assembly language, mnemonics are used to replace the opcodes of machine instructions, and address symbols or labels are used to replace the addresses of instructions or operands. In different devices, assembly language corresponds to different machine language instruction sets, which are converted into machine instructions through the assembly process.
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Characteristics of machine language: difficult to learn, understand, and understand; not universal; requires manual allocation of memory; and runs fastest. The characteristics of assembly language: the execution efficiency of the program is very high, it takes up little storage space, and it runs fast; it lacks versatility and the program is not easy to transplant. Characteristics of high-level languages: easy, certain versatility, and cannot be directly recognized and executed by computers.

The components of assembly language: 1. Transfer instructions, including general data transfer instructions, conditional transfer instructions, etc.; 2. Logical operations, which are used to perform arithmetic and logical operations; 3. Shift instructions, used to operate registers or memory The number is moved a specified number of times; 4. Bit operations, including test instructions BT, bit test and set instructions BTS, etc.; 5. Control transfer, including unconditional transfer instructions JMP, conditional transfer instructions "JCC/JCXZ", etc.; 6. String Operation, used to operate on data strings; 7. Input and output, used to exchange data with peripheral devices.

Assembly language is not a high-level language; it is a low-level language like machine language. The difference between assembly language and high-level language: 1. The programming efficiency of assembly language is not high, while the programming efficiency of high-level language is higher than that of assembly language; 2. The readability of high-level language is higher than that of assembly language; 3. Assembly language is a Machine language, while high-level language is simplified and close to human natural language.

Differences: 1. Because assembly language is essentially a mnemonic for machine language and is a language that directly faces the CPU, assembly language operates more efficiently than C language; 2. Assembly language has strong controllability of hardware, and C language Hardware controllability is relatively poor; 3. The object code of assembly language is small, and the object code of C language is large; 4. Assembly language is difficult to maintain, but C language is easy to maintain; 5. The portability of assembly language is very poor, and C language is portable. The performance is very good; 6. Assembly language is easier to learn than C language, because assembly language requires a lot of programming knowledge and is very complicated.

ROP attack explanation With the continuous development of information technology, network security issues have gradually attracted people's attention. Various new network attack methods emerge in endlessly, and one of the most widely used attack methods is the ROP (Return Oriented Programming) attack. This article will explain in detail the ROP attack. ROP attack (ReturnOrientedProgrammingAttack) is a method that uses the instruction sequence that already exists in the program to construct a new

Differences: 1. Assembly language has high efficiency, while C language has relatively low efficiency; 2. Assembly language has strong controllability of hardware, while C language has poor controllability of hardware; 3. Assembly language target code has a small size, while C language target code has a small size. Large; 4. Assembly language is not easy to maintain, but C language is easy to maintain; 5. Assembly language has poor portability, but C language has good portability, etc.

A language that uses mnemonics instead of opcodes is "assembly language". Assembly language is any low-level language used in electronic computers, microprocessors, microcontrollers, or other programmable devices. In assembly language, mnemonics are used to replace the opcodes of machine instructions, and address symbols or labels are used to replace the addresses of instructions or operands.

To optimize the performance of embedded systems, C++ and assembly language can be used collaboratively. Specific strategies include: function-specific assembly language optimization, inline assembly, and compiler inlining. For example, rewriting the assembly language version of the sorting algorithm can take advantage of the underlying hardware instructions and fine-tune it, resulting in significant performance improvements.