How to install mysql on centos

How to install mysql on centos?

Detailed explanation of the steps to install MySQL in CentOS

The Linux environment in this article is CentOS 6.4 32-bit, and the Basic Server version is selected for installation.

Some Linux versions come with a MySQL database, so before installation, you need to check whether there is a MySQL database in the current Linux environment. If so, uninstall it first.

The following are the basic steps to install MySQL in CentOS:

1) Check whether the current system comes with a MySQL database

[root@MySqlServer ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.i686
[root@MySqlServer ~]#

Instructions: Execute rpm -qa | grep mysql command To check whether the system has its own MySQL database, if so, the MySQL software name will be displayed.

2) Uninstall the built-in MySQL database

[root@MySqlServer ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.i686
[root@MySqlServer ~]#

Description: The command rpm -e --nodeps [name of software to be uninstalled] is used to uninstall the software.

3) Upload MySQL to Linux

This step can be done in many ways to upload files. Since the computer I am using at this time is a Mac, I use the scp command in this article to transfer files. (You can also use FTP tools for graphical interface operations).

bogon:~ hrvy$ scp ~/Downloads/MySQL/MySQL-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar root@192.168.170.129:~/
root@192.168.170.129's password:
MySQL-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar        100%  205MB  16.9MB/s   00:12
bogon:~ hrvy$

4) Unzip the MySQL package

Extract MySQL to the mysql directory under /usr/local/ (the mysql directory needs to be created manually). First create the /usr/local/mysql/ directory, and then extract it to this directory.

[root@MySqlServer ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql
[root@MySqlServer ~]# tar -xvf MySQL-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm-bundle.tar -C /usr/local/mysql/
MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-test-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
[root@MySqlServer ~]#

5) Install MySQL

After step 4, switch the current directory to /usr/local/mysql/. You can see that there are many suffixes with .rpm in this directory. Installation package, but actually only need to install server and client.

[root@MySqlServer ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@MySqlServer mysql]# ls
MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm    MySQL-shared-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm     MySQL-shared-compat-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-embedded-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm  MySQL-test-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm
[root@MySqlServer mysql]#

Install MySQL server:

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm

If error: Failed dependencies: error is displayed, you need to install MySQL dependencies and execute the following command:

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# yum -y install libaio.so.1 libgcc_s.so.1 libstdc++.so.6
[root@MySqlServer mysql]#

Install MySQL client:

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.22-1.el6.i686.rpm

At this point, the MySQL database installation is complete!

6) Start the mysql service

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.                                            [  OK  ]
[root@MySqlServer mysql]#

7) Connect to the database

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:

At this time, I encountered a problem, what is the password of the installed MySQL database? In fact, when installing MySQL server, the installation log has stated that the production random password is stored in the /root/.mysql_secret file. You can check this file:

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# cat /root/.mysql_secret
# The random password set for the root user at Fri Jun 21 04:56:26 2019 (local time): 0lv4ltBp_sawlAGA
[root@MySqlServer mysql]#

Now, you can log in to the database!

8) Change the password

After logging in to the database, because the randomly generated password is too difficult to remember, you can change a simple password and use it yourself.

mysql> set password = password('root');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

The password is set to root here. Now you can log out and log in again to see if the password has been changed successfully.

9) Add the mysql service to the system service and set it to start at boot

Whenever the Linux system is restarted, the mysql service must be started manually, so for convenience, add it to the system service , and set it to start automatically at boot.

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql
[root@MySqlServer mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

10) Enable remote login of mysql

Because the MySQL database is installed on Linux, actual operations are often not used directly on Linux. Normally, it is installed on the local machine. A MySQL graphical management tool, you can remotely connect to MySQL in Linux.

When logging in to the database remotely, the logged-in user must have remote login permissions, otherwise the login cannot be successful.

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root' @'%' identified by 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>

Note: In the grant... statement, the first 'root' is the user name, and the second 'root' is the remote login password. The remote login password can be set to something else, which is only used as a remote login Password used. The purpose of the flush... statement is to refresh the permissions and make the settings take effect.

11) Open port 3306

By default, the Linux firewall is turned on, and port 3306 is not released to the outside world, so even though all the above steps are completed correctly, you still cannot connect remotely. database. There are two solutions at this time: 1) Turn off the Linux firewall; 2) Open port 3306.

This case uses opening port 3306 instead of directly closing the Linux firewall.

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

[Note] The firewall rules configured using the iptables command will be invalid by default the next time the system is restarted. If you want the configured firewall policy to take effect permanently, execute the following save command:

[root@MySqlServer mysql]# service iptables save
iptables: Saving firewall rules to /etc/sysconfig/iptables:[  OK  ]

Recommended video tutorial for learning Linux: https://www.php.cn/course/list/33.html

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