What stages has the development of database gone through?

The development history of database has gone through three development stages: manual management, file system and database system.

Manual management of data has the following characteristics:

1. Data is not saved

2. Data needs to be managed by the application itself, and there is no corresponding software system responsible for data management.

3. Data is not shared

4. Data is not independent. After the logical structure or physical structure of the data changes, the application must be modified accordingly, which is further aggravated. Programmer's burden.

The characteristics of the file system stage are:

1. Data can be saved for a long time

2. Data is managed by special software, namely the file system, and the software between the program and the data The access methods provided for conversion allow a certain degree of independence between the application and the data. Programmers do not have to think too much about physical details and can focus on the algorithm.

3. Poor data sharing

4. Low data independence

The characteristics of the database system stage are:

1. Data structure

2. Good data sharing and low redundancy

3. High data independence

4. Data is managed and controlled uniformly by DBMS

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